has density one in Z with respect to some sequence of intervals Ik = [ak, bk] with bk−ak → ∞. (This means that d{Ik}(S) = lim k→∞ |S∩Ik| bk−ak+1 = 1.) A vector f ∈ H is called weakly wandering if there is an infinite set S ⊆ Z such that for any n,m ∈ S, n 6= m, one has 〈Uf, Uf〉 = 0. The following theorem due to U. Krengel gives a characterization of weak mixing in terms of weakly wandering vect...

In this article we investigate the universal C∗-algebras associated to certain 1dimensional simplicial flag complexes which describe the noncommutative circle. We denote it by S 1 . We examine the K-theory of this algebra and the subalgebras S nc 1 /Ik, Ik . Where Ik, for each k, is the ideal in S 1 generated by all products of generators hs containing at least k + 1 pairwise different generato...

Activation of M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (M1 mAChR) inhibits M-type potassium currents (IK(M) ) and N-type calcium currents (ICa) in mammalian sympathetic ganglia. Previous antisense experiments suggested that, in rat superior cervical ganglion (SCG) neurons, both effects were partly mediated by the G-protein Gaq (Delmas et al., 1998a; Haley et al., 1998a), but did not eliminate a co...

Ion channels are important in controlling cell cycle progression and proliferation in a variety of cell types. Using the whole-cell recording mode of the patch-clamp technique, functional ion channels were electrophysiologically characterized in PANC-1 (K-ras G12D (+/-), p53 R273C, Deltap16), BxPC-3 (smad4-, p53 Y220C, Deltap16), and MiaPaCa-2 [transforming growth factor-beta receptor type II d...

BACKGROUND Early development of cardiac hypertrophy may be beneficial but sustained hypertrophic activation leads to myocardial dysfunction. Regulation of the repolarizing currents can be modulated by the activation of humoral factors, such as angiotensin II (ANG II) through protein kinases. The aim of this work is to assess the regulation of IK and IK1 by ANG II through the PI3-K pathway in hy...

While chemical databases can be queried using the InChI string and InChIKey (IK) the latter was designed for open-web searching. It is becoming increasingly effective for this since more sources enhance crawling of their websites by the Googlebot and consequent IK indexing. Searchers who use Google as an adjunct to database access may be less familiar with the advantages of using the IK as expl...

Depolarization-activated outward K+ currents in isolated adult rat ventricular myocytes were characterized using the whole-cell variation of the patch-clamp recording technique. During brief depolarizations to potentials positive to -40 mV, Ca(2+)-independent outward K+ currents in these cells rise to a transient peak, followed by a slower decay to an apparent plateau. The analyses completed he...

1. In somata of sensory neurons in the pleural ganglia of Aplysia californica, serotonin (5-HT) modulates at least three K+ currents: the S K+ current (IK,S), a slow component of the Ca2(+)-activated K+ current (IK,Ca), and the delayed or voltage-dependent K+ current (IK,V). The modulation of IK,S and the slow component of IK,Ca by 5-HT has been shown previously to be mediated via adenosine 3',...