In the course of rapid passages through mice a strain of group A type 27 hemolytic streptococcus was found to have lost its group carbohydrate without the loss of type-specific precipitinogens, agglutinogens, or its capacity to induce protective antibodies in rabbits, and without the acquisition of the carbohydrate of another group. The loss of group carbohydrate was shown to be complete, withi...

The anaphylactic release of histamine from perfused, chopped guinea pig lung is very sensitive to changes in the NaCl concentration of the containing medium, and it is ionic strength rather than particle concentration which is critical. Consequently, in studies with inhibitors care must be taken to avoid inadvertently increasing ionic strength and thereby misinterpreting the cause of the inhibi...

The increase of extracellular heme is a hallmark of hemolysis or extensive cell damage. Heme has prooxidant, cytotoxic, and inflammatory effects, playing a central role in the pathogenesis of malaria, sepsis, and sickle cell disease. However, the mechanisms by which heme is sensed by innate immune cells contributing to these diseases are not fully characterized. We found that heme, but not porp...

Immune hemolytic anemia is a well-recognized complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). There are 4 possible causes for this complication. First, antibodies present in the recipient destroy donor cells. Second, donor red cell antibodies at the time of stem cell infusion are transferred to the recipient. Third, sometimes, engrafted donor lymphocytes cause activ...

Growth-blocking peptide (GBP) is a 25-amino acid cytokine found in lepidopteran insects that possesses diverse biological activities such as stimulation of immune cells (plasmatocytes), cell proliferation, and larval growth regulation. We found another novel function of GBP that induces a hemolysis of another class of blood cells (oenocytoids). In the lysate of oenocytoids we identified a GBP-b...

BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence suggests that transfusion of packed red blood cells (PRBCs) stored for >14 days is associated with increased rates of sepsis, multiple organ dysfunction, and mortality in human patients. OBJECTIVE To determine if duration of PRBC storage has an effect on morbidity and mortality in dogs after transfusion. ANIMALS Dogs admitted to the Matthew J Ryan Veterinary...

N ABNORMALITY of the red cells of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria ( PNH ) is responsible for their short life span in the circulation anu their lysis in vitro by certain factors present in normal plasma or serum. The hemolytic system in vitro is characteristically more active when the serum is made somewhat acid, about pH 6.8. The addition of thrombin to the serum is also capable of increas...

Hemolysis in serum specimens is commonplace. This study examines the effect of hemolysis on results of selected chemical assays. Hemolysis was simulated by adding hemolysate to serum to give hemoglobin concentrations of 90 to 2800 mg/liter and a rating by technologists of 0 to 4 + hemolyzed. The effect of hemolysis on values for some serum constituents, particularly acid phosphatase and creatin...

aluminium phosphide poisoning and glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency are two commonly seen clinical presentations in iran. however, hemolysis associated with aluminium phosphide poisoning is very rare. we report a case of concurrent aluminium phosphide poisoning and glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in a 24 year old man presenting with intravascular hemolysis. key words: gl...

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) licensed Rho(D) immune globulin intravenous (anti-D IGIV) on March 24, 1995 for treatment of immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). A previous review described 15 patients who experienced acute hemoglobinemia and/or hemoglobinuria following anti-D IGIV administration for ITP or secondary thrombocytopenia. Eleven of those patients also experienced clinicall...