It is crucial to uncover the mystery of water cluster and structural motif to have an insight into the abundant anomalies bound to water. In this context, the analysis of influence factors is an alternative way to shed light on the nature of water clusters. Water structure has been tentatively explained within different frameworks of structural models. Based on comprehensive analysis and summar...

A wide class of structural models on multivariate normal covariance matrices can be expressed using symmetries. For example, a multivariate normal vector has the intraclass correlation structure (where all variances are equal, and all covariances are equal) if the covariance matrix is invariant under permutation of the components, and the components are independent if the covariance matrix in i...

Structural and thermal engineers currently work independently of each other using unrelated tools, models, and methods. Without the ability to rapidly exchange design data and predicted performance, the achievement of the ideals of concurrent engineering is not possible. Thermal codes have been unable to exploit the geometric information in structural models and the CAD design database, and do ...

We discuss why it is not always obvious how to simulate longitudinal data from a general marginal structural model (MSM) for a survival outcome while ensuring that the data exhibit complications due to time-dependent confounding. On the basis of the relation between a directed acyclic graph and an MSM, we suggest a data-generating process that satisfies both these requirements, the general vali...

Ligand-free metal clusters can be prepared over a wide size range, but only in comparatively small amounts. Determining their size-dependent properties has therefore required the development of experimental methods that allow characterization of sample sizes comprising only a few thousand mass-selected particles under well-defined collision-free conditions. In this review, we describe the appli...

We describe structural models of the Escherichia coli chromosome in which the positions of all 4.6 million nucleotides of each DNA strand are resolved. Models consistent with two basic chromosomal orientations, differing in their positioning of the origin of replication, have been constructed. In both types of model, the chromosome is partitioned into plectoneme-abundant and plectoneme-free reg...

Past earthquakes have demonstrated that old RC bridges may be seismically vulnerable. Bridge responses during the last decades illustrated the necessity of the seismic assessment of bridges especially those which were designed with old codes. In this research an existing concrete bridge representative of the most common bridges in the highway system in Iran are studied. Push over and nonlinear ...

We introduce structural feasibility into procedural modeling of buildings. This allows for more realistic structural models that can be interacted with in physical simulations. While existing structural analysis tools focus heavily on providing an analysis of the stress state, our proposed method automatically tunes a set of designated free parameters to obtain forms that are structurally sound.