The spatial pattern of forest fire locations is of interest for fire occurrence prediction and for understanding the role of fire in landscape processes. A spatial statistical analysis of lightning-caused fires in the province of Ontario, between 1976 and 1998, was carried out to investigate the spatial pattern of fires, the way they depart from randomness, and the scales at which spatial corre...

Root distribution and mycorrhizal associations were compared in primary, secondary and limestone forests in Xishuangbanna, southwest China. Soil cores to a depth of 20 cm were collected at random points from four 50 m2 quadrats in each forest type. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) associations were the only form of mycorrhiza found in all forest types. The primary forest was characterized by high ro...

We report experimental and three-dimensional discrete dislocation dynamics measurements to characterize the effect of high starting dislocation density on size-affected flow. Microcrystals were focused ion beam milled into a pre-strained bulk Ni single crystal to obtain a dense heterogeneous dislocation cell structure. The strength-scaling exponent is shown to decreases considerably with increa...

— Joint Forest Management (JFM) has succeeded in halting forest degradation in India, but its poverty reduction objective has not fully been evaluated previously. This paper compares JFM forests and government-managed forests to assess their respective net social benefits to different groups of local villagers. It shows that the JFM regime reflects the social preference of the rural nonpoor, an...

— In the growing literature at the interface of rural livelihood improvement and conservation of natural forests, two overarching issues stand out: (1) How and to what extent use of forest resources do and can contribute to poverty alleviation and (2) How and to what extent poverty alleviation and forest conservation are and can be made convergent rather than divergent goals. This article summa...

Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 78:1458–1468 doi:10.2136/sssaj2014.03.0114 Received 26 Mar. 2014. *Corresponding author ([email protected]). © Soil Science Society of America, 5585 Guilford Rd., Madison WI 53711 USA All rights reserved. No part of this periodical may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information sto...

In this paper, we study the problem of designing new mechanisms for selling reserved instances (also referred to as virtual machines) in cloud computing. Unlike the practice in today’s clouds in which users only have a few predefined options to reserve instances (i.e., either 1-year reservation or 3-year reservation), we allow users to reserve resources for any length and from any time point in...

R eserves are a state’s first line of defense in a ~fiscal crisis. In the late 1980s, they bought New England’s state policymakers valuable time in which to devise strategies for stabilizing their ,budgets. While the region’s state budgets are currently balanced, how well are its states reserved against possible future fiscal instability? In addressing this issue, one should consider both the d...

In this proposal, we introduce the reserved delivery subnetwork (RDS), a mechanism that can allow information service providers to deliver more consistent service to their customers without per flow resource reservation. In addition to service performance improvements, reserved delivery subnetworks can also provide protection against network resource attacks. Many applications such as web conte...

In this chapter, we illustrate benefits of thinking in terms of thread management techniques when using a centralized scheduler model along with interoperability of MPI and PThreads. This is facilitated through an exploration of thread placement strategies for an algorithm modeling radiative heat transfer with special attention to the 61 core. This algorithm plays a key role within the Uintah C...