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We propose a novel decoding approach for neural machine translation (NMT) based on continuous optimisation. The resulting optimisation problem is then tackled using constrained gradient optimisation. Our powerful decoding framework, enables decoding intractable models such as the intersection of left-to-right and rightto-left (bidirectional) as well as sourceto-target and target-to-source (bili...

This paper develops a simple model to analyse how a lack of political competition may lead to policies that hinder economic growth. We test the predictions of the model on panel data for the US states. In these data, we find robust evidence that lack of political competition in a state is associated with anti-growth policies: higher taxes, lower capital spending, and a reduced likelihood of usi...

the bride possesses the right as to the dowry as soon asterms of marriage are uttered and is allowed to use it inany way she wishes, including denoting it altogether to thebridegroom and discharge him of his obligations in thisconnection. on the other hand, divorce before intercourseis considered an independent factor in transferring half ofthe dowry to the bridegroom based on which, according ...

a large number of maritime claims, are entitled to a legal protection that is established at the time of creation of the claim and subsequently, maritime lien in favour of the creditor. national regulations of maritime liens, dates back to ancient laws and customs and in order to removing differences of theses regulations, some international conventions on unification of certain rules relating ...