Understanding the syntax of an undeciphered writing is a significant challenge. This can provide important clues to the nature of writing and guide potential decipherments. Here we evaluate a set of computational tools that can help us address this problem. We show that significant aspects of the writing can be inferred through this approach without making any assumption about the underlying co...

abstract background: the cosmetic result of the surgical scar has long been considered by surgeons as an important factor for patient satisfaction. on the other hand, there has been an old teaching that perfect closure of contaminated wounds increases the rate of infection. we decided to look into this matter and see if this is a fact or a myth. methods: in this prospective randomized study con...

Two experiments studied the relative effects on body mass and testicular growth of stimulatory photoperiods applied simultaneously to two photosensitive species, the house sparrow (Passer domesticus) and brahminy myna (Sturnus pagodarum). Experiment 1 on the house sparrow consisted of two parts. In experiment 1A, beginning on 24 March 2002, short day pretreated sparrows were exposed for 12 week...

Archaeological excavations in the sites of the Indus Valley civilization (2500 − 1900 BCE) in Pakistan and northwestern India have unearthed a large number of artifacts with inscriptions made up of hundreds of distinct signs. To date, there is no generally accepted decipherment of these sign sequences, and there have been suggestions that the signs could be non-linguistic. Here we apply complex...

BACKGROUND Nephaspis indus Gordon, 1996 was imported into Taiwan from Hawaii in 1990 as a biological control agent for the spiralling whitefly, Aleurodicus dispersus Russell, 1965 (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). However, its establishment was not known prior to this study. NEW INFORMATION Nephaspis indus Gordon, 1996, a natural enemy of Aleurodicus dispersus Russell (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) native ...

INDUS-EM is India's only level one conference imparting and exchanging quality knowledge in acute care. Specifically, in general and specialized emergency care and training in trauma, burns, cardiac, stroke, environmental and disaster medicine. It provides a series of exchanges regarding academic development and implementation of training tools related to developing future academic faculty and ...

This tool paper describes a modular program slicer for Java built using the Indus program analysis framework along with it’s Eclipse-based user interface called Kaveri. Indus provides a library of classes that enables users to quickly assemble a highly customized non-system dependence graph based inter-procedural program slicer capable of slicing concurrent Java programs. Kaveri is an Eclipse p...

The aim of this article is to present a short outline of early Indian mathematics. I mean to summarize the results and contributions of Indian mathematics which were made in the period from the first civilization in Indian subcontinent to the 5 century AD when classical era of Indian mathematics began. Indus valley civilization The first use of mathematics in the Indian subcontinent was in the ...

We present the text of a large wooden signboard in the IndusSarasvat̄ı that was recently found in Dholavira in Gujarat, India. The study of this signboard could be useful in the further analysis of the Indus-Sarasvat̄ı script. We examine its implications for the direction of writing in this script.