BACKGROUND Meta-analyses on the effects of probiotics on specific gastrointestinal diseases have generally shown positive effects on disease prevention and treatment; however, the relative efficacy of probiotic use for treatment and prevention across different gastrointestinal diseases, with differing etiology and mechanisms of action, has not been addressed. METHODS/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We inc...

The disease mechanisms associated with the onset of astrovirus diarrhea are unknown. Unlike other enteric virus infections, astrovirus infection is not associated with an inflammatory response or cellular damage. In vitro studies in differentiated Caco-2 cells demonstrated that human astrovirus serotype 1 (HAstV-1) capsid protein alone disrupts the actin cytoskeleton and tight junction complex,...

Infectious reproductive diseases have great potential to create significant damaging effects to reproductive efficiency and therefore profitability for the beef herd. Pathogens causing reproductive diseases include: bovine viral diarrhea (BVD), infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR), Leptospira, Tritrichomonas foetus, Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis (“vibrio”) and Neospora caninum, among...

A seroepidemiological study of the association between antibody titers to infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, parainfluenza-3, bovine virus diarrhea and bovine respiratory syncytial viruses, and treatment for bovine respiratory disease was conducted. A total of 322 calves from five different groups were bled on arrival, then one month later all cases (cattle treated for bovine respiratory diseas...

Although the 21 st century has seen significant changes in health care reforms and practices, and has experienced quick progression in the understanding of infectious diseases, diarrhea caused by enteric infections is a major factor in morbidity and mortality worldwide and it is estimated 2-4 billion episodes of infectious diarrhea occur each year and are especially prevalent in infants. Furthe...

The causes of infectious diarrhea among the migrant worker population in Qatar are not well understood. We conducted a prospective observational study to understand the demographic and clinical characteristics and infectious causes of diarrhea among migrant workers in Doha, Qatar. A total of 126 male workers presenting to the Qatar Red Crescent Worker's Health Center outpatient clinic or emerge...

Abstract Background: Infectious diarrhea is one of common cause of children diarrhea causing mortality and morbidity worldwide. This study was performed to identify the common bacteria and their antimicrobial susceptibility in children with diarrhea. Methods: Children under 14 years old with acute diarrhea who referred to Amirkola Children’s Hospital, Mazandaran, North of Iran, were enrolled ...

Chronic diarrhea, defined as a decrease in stool consistency for more than four weeks, is a common but challenging clinical scenario. It can be divided into three basic categories: watery, fatty (malabsorption), and inflammatory. Watery diarrhea may be subdivided into osmotic, secretory, and functional types. Watery diarrhea includes irritable bowel syndrome, which is the most common cause of f...

The article presents the materials of effect polyvalent inactivated culture vaccine against infectious rhi-notracheitis, viral diarrhea, parainfluenza-3, respiratory syncytial, rotavirus and coronavirus infection cattle "BolsheVak" on immunomorphogenesis in rabbits. It was found that double immunization with an interval 21 days allows for more active development cellular humoral immunity immuni...

Rotavirus infections are the most common causes of infectious diarrhea in young children worldwide. We performed a genotyping rotavirus strains by RT-PCR for G (VP7) and P (VP4), Anadara tuberculosa, Lactuca sativa feces samples with collected Panama. Combinations genotypes (VP4) were identified tuberculosa: 30 (15%) corresponding to G12P[8], 26 (13%) G12P[6], 28 (14%) G1P[8], 7 (3.5%) G2P [6]....