INTRODUCTION Nigeria, the only African country endemic for wild poliovirus, adopted Immunization Plus Days (IPD) to eradicate polio. Refusal of oral polio vaccine (OPV) by heads of households is a significant challenge. In Sokoto state, we determined characteristics of heads of households refusing OPV during IPD in 2011. METHODS To evaluate reasons for refusals, we conducted a case control st...

IONS AND METHODOLOGY Computer architecture’s heavy emphasis on simulation effectively discourages the research community from exploring other useful and possibly more informative modeling techniques. The few published papers using and proposing analytic models have not stimulated significant follow-up efforts. Stories abound of such papers receiving knee-jerk negative rejections from program co...

In the field of the architectural heritage, the representation of artefacts, particularly for communication purposes, has benefited from the development of computer-based modelling techniques in fields ranging form archaeology to geography. But numerous experts in the above mentioned heritage field have come to question the readability of realistic models inside which the hypothetical nature of...

INTRODUCTION Head lice infestations cause distress in many families. A well-founded strategy to reduce head lice prevalence must shorten the infectious period of individual hosts. To develop such a strategy, information about the actions taken (inspection, treatment and informing others about own infestations), level of knowledge and costs is needed. The present study is the first to consider a...

purpose: the rural areas of iran have faced many challenges during 1990s and 2000s due to the failure of development programs, persistent draughts, vulnerability of rural economics and their consequences, including lack of employment opportunities and increasing migrations to urban districts. therefore it is necessary to identify the potentials of indigenous knowledge, its prospects and challen...

Children raised without a biological father in the household have earlier average ages of first sexual intercourse than children raised in father-present households. Competing theoretical perspectives have attributed this either to effects of father absence on socialization and physical maturation or to nonrandom selection of children predisposed for early sexual intercourse into father-absent ...