In this article some of the problems encountered in designing an evaluation for the MIROSLAV machine translation (MT) system will be examined. We will concentrate mainly on the strategies employed in the evaluation and the evaluation areas, namely translation quality and translation productivity, whereas the former will be treated in more detail than the latter. In conclusion we will present tw...

There is ample evidence that human communication is organized efficiently: more predictable information is usually encoded by shorter linguistic forms and less predictable information is represented by longer forms. The present study, which is based on the Universal Dependencies corpora, investigates if the length of words can be predicted from the average syntactic information content, which i...

Social media has been an incredible platform for startups to develop meaningful connections with stakeholders and customers. We investigate ways in which entrepreneurs use social media to drive both the level of engagement for their startup and the subsequent level of venture financing. Our empirical analysis demonstrates how differences in entrepreneurs’ tweets—i.e., differences in the level i...

Using the constraint-based modeling approach, we have developed a diagnostic component, which is able to identify errors made by learners of a logic programming language when implementing a given task specification. It uses patterns to hypothesize the intention of a learner and programming techniques to model conditions on the semantic well-formedness of the program code. These conditions are e...

In visual search, an irrelevant colour singleton captures attention when the colour of the distractor changes across trials (e.g., from red to green), but not when the colour remains constant (Becker, 2007). The present study shows that intertrial changes of the distractor colour also modulate oculomotor capture: an irrelevant colour singleton distractor was only selected more frequently than t...

In this paper we report results of two eye-tracking experiments investigating on-line processing of the focus-sensitive expression ‘only’. The experiments described address two sets of questions having to do with the role of contextual information in restricting focus alternatives. First, there is the question of whether the preceding discourse context influences the referential domain with res...

Negative Polarity Items (NPIs) often has an effect of strengthening the statement. However, there are also NPIs that contribute to make a weaker claim such as all that (Israel 1996, 2006; van Rooy 2003). I analyze two kinds of such NPIs, namely the degree modifier a(n)mari and sonnani in Japanese, which roughly translate as ‘very/much’ and ‘(all) that’. In doing so, two points are considered: f...

Accessibility hierarchies (Ariel, 1990, 2001; Givón, 1992; Gundel, Hedberg, & Zacharski, 1993) assume that the form of anaphoric expressions signals the relative saliency of the antecedent. We argue that the form of relative pronouns in relative clauses has a similar function and therefore influences attachment preferences. We conducted two questionnaire experiments in which we investigated whe...

This position paper presents a view on bridging the cognitivecomputational gap in the field of creativity, creative reasoning and problem solving. Starting from the levels of Cognition and Computation, their potential bootstrap is discussed in relation to the concept of Cognitive Social Machines. Five distinct aspects of bridging the cognitivecomputational gap in creative reasoning using cognit...

This letter studies the attack detection problem in a data-driven and model-free setting, for deterministic systems with linear time-invariant dynamics. Differently from existing that leverage knowledge of system dynamics to derive security bounds monitoring schemes, we treat cases where dynamics, as well strategy location, are unknown. We fundamental limitations function only observed data wit...