Nuclear factor of activated T cells 5 (NFAT5) is a transcription factor that can be activated by extracellular tonicity. It has been reported that NFAT5 may increase the transcription of certain osmoprotective genes in the renal system, and the aim of the current study was to explore the role of NFAT5 in seawater inhalation‑induced acute lung injury. Though establishing the model of seawater in...

BACKGROUND The guidelines for the treatment of severely burned patients, included in the explicit guarantees in health care (GES), accept having a Garces' index over 70, among others, as an inclusion criterion. This criterion allows elderly patients with small total burn surface area (TBSA) to have access to GES. AIM To analyze if a universal access to GES for this group of patients is justif...

A second potential therapeutic option for the parenchymal damage caused by inhalation injury is systemic administration of intravenous agents. The unique nature of the effects of the burn and smoke on lung physiology and immunology create new opportunities for systemic treatments targeting specific aspects of the response to injury. In addition, systemic therapies could be either isolated or co...

Precordial ST-segment mapping was serially applied in the Coronary Care Unit for the study of the effect of oxygen inhalation on the ischemic injury in 17 patients with acute anterior transmural myocardial infarction. A 49-lead ECG system was used. The sum of all ST elevations (ZST) recorded was taken as an index of magnitude of ischemic injury and the number of recording sites showing ST eleva...

Smoke-induced lung injury in rats was assessed in terms of histopathology, gross mortality, neutrophil accumulation and as capillary leak. Administration of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2), 2.8 atm abs for 45 min, inhibited adhesion of circulating neutrophils subsequent to smoke inhalation. HBO2 reduced pulmonary neutrophil accumulation whether used in a prophylactic manner, 24 h before smoke inhalati...

BACKGROUND Treatment of acute lung injury (ALI) remains an unsolved problem in intensive care medicine. Recruitment of neutrophils into the lungs, regarded as a key mechanism in progression of ALI, depends on signaling between neutrophils and platelets. Consequently we explored the effect of platelet-targeted aspirin and tirofiban treatment in endotoxin induced acute lung injury. METHODS C57B...

OBJECTIVE To learn the value of bronchoscopy and biopsy in the early diagnosis of inhalation injury ARDS. SETTING Burn Center, CHU Saint-Antoine, Paris, France. DESIGN 130 consecutively admitted burn patients were bronchoscoped on admission. MEASUREMENTS The appearance of the bronchial tree was recorded, and biopsies were taken from spurs of the proximal and distal branches of the right b...

The dose responsiveness of selected physiologic indices was studied in a sheep model of smoke inhalation injury. In this model, graded severity of injury was achieved by changing the contact time with smoke (defined by "unit"), whereas other variables were kept constant. Blood gas and cardiopulmonary indices were measured in 70 sheep, including 12 controls, either 24 or 72 hours after exposure ...

OBJECTIVE to investigate the beneficial effects of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) and partial liquid ventilation (PLV) in treating acute lung injury induced by steam inhalation. DESIGN a prospective, randomized, controlled, multiple group study. SETTING an animal research centre laboratory in a university burns centre. SUBJECTS New Zealand rabbits (n = 30; 2.25 ± 0.25 kg) o...