The smear layer in endodontically instrumented root canals first reported in 19751 is both organic and inorganic in composition. 2 The inorganic material in the smear layer is composed of tooth structure and some nonspecific inorganic contaminants. 2 The organic components may consist of heated coagulated proteins, necrotic or viable pulp tissue, and odontoblastic processes plus saliva, blood c...

Inactivation of ccmO in Synechococcus sp. strain PCC 7942 resulted in a mutant which possesses aberrant carboxysomes and a normal inorganic carbon uptake capability but a reduced ability to photosynthetically utilize the internal inorganic carbon pool. Consequently, it exhibits low apparent photosynthetic affinity for extracellular inorganic carbon and demands high levels of CO(2) for growth.

Organic/inorganic nanohybrid materials have attracted particular scientific and technological interest because they combine the properties of the organic and the inorganic component. Inorganic nanoparticles exhibit interesting electrical, optical, magnetic and/or catalytic properties, which are related with their nano-scale dimensions. However, their high surface-to-volume ratio often induces a...

Inorganic lead and mercury are widely spread xenobiotic neurotoxicants threatening public health. The exposure to inorganic lead and mercury results in adverse effects of poisoning including IQ deficit and peripheral neuropathy. Additionally, inorganic neurotoxicants have even more serious impact on earlier stages of embryonic development. This study was therefore initiated in order to determin...

This article reviews the recent advances and challenges in the preparation of polymer/inorganic hybrid nanoparticles. We mainly focus on synthetic strategies, basing our classification on whether the inorganic and the polymer components have been formed in situ or ex situ, of the hybrid material. Accordingly, four types of strategies are identified and described, referring to recent examples: (...

The gene encoding an inorganic polyphosphate/ATP-NAD kinase was cloned from Micrococcus flavus, and its primary structure was analyzed. Alignment of the primary structure with those of other characterized NAD kinases revealed candidate amino acid residues, mainly charged ones, that would be related to inorganic polyphosphate use. The alignment also showed that the primary structure found carrie...

The photoisomerization behaviour of a dicationic azobenzene derivative on the inorganic surface was examined. The isomerization reaction was controlled by the charged array of the inorganic surface due to the "pinning effect" because of the electrostatic interaction between anionic charged sites on the inorganic surface and cationic charged sites in dye molecules.

Inorganic and organic mercury was measured in the red cells, plasma, and urine of five laboratory workers to examine the effect of D-penicillamine. The workers had had no particular exposure to mercurials. Before and during administration of D-penicillamine, inorganic mercury levels in plasma were significantly correlated with those in urine or 24-hour urinary outputs, but no significant correl...

Inorganic nanomaterials have been widely applied in biomedicine. However, several studies have noted that inorganic nanoparticles can enter the brain and induce cytoskeletal remodeling, as well as electrophysiological alterations, which are related to neurodevelopmental disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. The toxic effects of inorganic nanomaterials on the cytoskeleton and electrophysiolo...