We propose to solve generalized bilevel programs by a trust region approach where the “model” takes the form of a bilevel program involving a linear program at the upper level and a linear variational inequality at the lower level. By coupling the concepts of trust region and linesearch in a novel way, we obtain an implementable algorithm that converges to a strong stationary point of the origi...

The increasing popularity of open standards in B2B e-commerce demands more research on generalized trust. This study investigates how a country’s social trust affects the use of open and closed B2B ecommerce. The analysis based on data from 27 European and related countries shows that social trust in a country promotes the use of open B2B e-commerce, but it impedes the use of closed B2B e-comme...

We describe a generalized Levenberg-Marquardt method for computing critical points of the Ginzburg-Landau energy functional which models superconductivity. The algorithm is a blend of a Newton iteration with a Sobolev gradient descent method, and is equivalent to a trust-region method in which the trustregion radius is defined by a Sobolev metric. Numerical test results demonstrate the method t...

This article discusses how public libraries contribute to the generation of social capital and social trust among refugees participating in library programmes while enrolled in a compulsory government introductory programme to Norwegian language and society. The students’ experiences with the library have made them more trusting toward the institution of the public library and library patrons i...

This article analyzes trust in public institutions. In both theoretical literature and empirical research, a link between social trust and institutional trust has been established. Specifically, this paper casts additional light on this relationship. Moreover, it tests whether institutional trust is dependent on citizens’ perceptions of how well institutions live up to normative expectations he...

A social environment, such as relational mobility, which represents the availability of opportunities to develop new relationships in society, cultivates an individual's psychology and network. Generalized trust, trust among people general, is a tendency expand individuals' ties fluid society. Using data 170 students, we analyzed whether belief generalized perception mobility are related We con...

We examine the relationship between trust and financial development using detailed regional data in Turkey. distinguish different forms of (i.e., generalized, narrow, wide) investigate whether varying degrees generalized narrow trust, as well wide imply outcomes. Moreover, we assess how their combination affect presence ethnically fragmented populations. use instrumental variable (IV) estimatio...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop a context dependent, multi perspective multilevel trust measurement instrument to measure supply chain members’ trust. Design/methodology/approach – Since trust is a context dependent phenomenon and the level of trust between partners cannot be measured easily, a conceptual framework is developed to measure supply chain partners’ trust from risk...