Instrumentation system of an underwater vehicle performs various functions such as sensing of physical parameters from different sensors, other sub systems and records into the memory. To assess the performance of the vehicle, data recorded by instrumentation system needs to be retrieved. In order to retrieve the data from the Instrumentation system, it needs to be powered on. The aim of the pr...

introduction : to evaluate the efficacy of niti mechanical rotary instrumentation and hedstrom file for gutta-percha/sealer removal computed tomography (ct) was utilized in vitro . materials and methods: thirty extracted human single rooted teeth, each with a single canal were selected. the samples were decoronated with a double faced diamond disk to have 17-mm root; teeth roots were instrument...

background: the accuracy of pedicle screw placement is essential for lumbar and thoracolumbar spine fracture fixation. purpose: the aim of the present study was to assess the accuracy of the pedicle screw placement with conventional c-arm fuoroscopy-guided in these patients. methods: a retrospective review identified patients who underwent operative management with thoracolumbar instruments at ...

BACKGROUND Conventional (rigid) fusion instrumentation is believed to accelerate the degeneration of adjacent discs by increasing stresses caused by motion discontinuity. Fusion instrumentation that employs reduced rod stiffness and increased axial motion, or dynamic instrumentation, may partially alleviate this problem, but the effects of this instrumentation on the stresses in the adjacent di...

Surgical site infection (SSI) after spine instrumentation is difficult to treat, and often requires removal of instrumentation. The removal of instrumentation after spine surgery is a severe complication that can lead to the deterioration of activities of daily living and poor prognosis. Although there are many reports on SSI after spine surgery, few reports have investigated the risk factors f...

statement of problem: root canal cleaning and elimination of the source of infection are the most important basis and the main requirements for successful root treatment since the main cause of failure in root treatment is the permeation of bacteria or their products into the periapical tissues. nowadays, the newly designed and prcsented instruments for canal instrumentation can improve root tr...

introduction: the preparation of the root canal space includes debridement, shaping and apical preparation. these procedures are challenging and constitute. the recent introduction of automated techniques for canal preparation has created considerable interest. the aim of this study was to test shaping ability of one hand instrumentation (passive step-back technique) and new rotary niti system ...

Background & Importance: Spinal deformity is one of the most common disorders among the vertebral diseases that results from unnatural curvatures of spine, such as scoliosis and kyphosis. Spinal fusion surgery is used most commonly to treat certain types of spinal deformity. Herein, we reported the efficacy of posterior spinal fusion accompanied by instrumentation in patients with the...

Atom is a powerful platform for the implementation of prooling, debugging and simulation tools. Kernel support in ATOM makes it possible to implement similar tools for the Digital UNIX kernel. We describe four non-trivial Atom kernel tools which demonstrate the support provided in Atom for kernel work as well as the range of application of Atom kernel tools. We go on to discuss some techniques ...

BACKGROUND Although anterolateral decompression and instrumentation has several advantages in treating thoracolumbar burst fractures, the risk factors for supplementary posterior instrumentation are still unclear. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 238 patients who underwent anterolateral decompression and instrumentation for single-level thoracolumbar burst fractures from January 2010 and M...