conclusions it seems that in people with type 2 diabetes, acute aerobic exercise can decrease the plasma levels of glucose, possibly through increasing orexin a. in addition, negative energy balance is necessary to decrease the levels of insulin and insulin resistance during acute aerobic exercise. results the analysis of findings in p ≤ 0.05 indicated that acute aerobic exercise caused a signi...

The current occurrence of twin births is beyond previous generational records. Many countries in the world have records that confirm a significant increase from 1980s; out forty two individuals born, one which gives rise to birth million and six hundred thousand children per year. This implies that, mean global birthrate one-third over past four decades. In 2022, Africa had highest rate natural...

The glucose-phosphorylating enzyme glucokinase, a promising target for developing new antidiabetic agents, was identified through the combined efforts of basic research and human biochemical genetics. Allosteric glucokinase activators (GKAs) were discovered by high-throughput screening of a large compound library and first reported in 2003. GKAs stimulate insulin release and glucose metabolism ...

Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecules (CEACAMs) belong to a group of mammalian immunoglobulin-related glycoproteins. They are involved in cell-cell recognition and modulate cellular processes that range from the shaping of tissue architecture and neovascularization to the regulation of insulin homeostasis and T-cell proliferation. CEACAMs have also been identified as receptor...

The contributions of short RNAs to the control of repetitive elements are well documented in animals and plants. Here, the role of endogenous RNAi and AF10 homolog ZFP-1 in the adaptation of C. elegans to the environment is discussed. First, modulation of insulin signaling through regulation of transcription of the PDK-1 kinase (Mansisidor et al., PLoS Genetics, 2011) is reviewed. Second, an si...

Type 1 diabetes is a complex autoimmune disease in which genetic and environmental factors add up to induce an autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing pancreatic  cells. Although type 1 diabetes is popularly associated to an onset in infancy or adolescence, it can begin at any age. The reasons behind this temporal difference in the onset of the disease are probably a mixture of genetic...

BACKGROUND Diabetes, obesity, and the metabolic syndrome are multifactorial diseases dependent on a complex interaction of host genetics, diet, and other environmental factors. Increasing evidence places gut microbiota as important modulators of the crosstalk between diet and development of obesity and metabolic dysfunction. In addition, host genetics can have important impact on the compositio...

A number of controversies in diabetes have had too little attention. I discuss the following issues: (i) drug therapy; (ii) genetics; (iii) antihypertensive treatment in patients with normoalbuminuria and with abnormal albuminuria; (iv) insulin analogs; (v) cancer in diabetes; (vi) hypophysectomy; (vii) renal biopsy; (viii) low protein diet; and (ix) glycated hemoglobin. A closer look at these ...

the overwhelming rate of progress in biotechnological research especially in human genetics, as well as the high levels of power these researches provide us to intervene in human lives, brings serious concerns on the ethical problems that may rise from these research endeavors. to address this critical issue in iran, we conducted a study issuing publishing authors of studies in human genetics f...