A first principle in ethics consultation is that reasoning is essential. A second principle is that the religious and cultural views of patients and their surrogates are usually respected. What can be done when these principles collide-when patients or surrogates have religious or cultural views and beliefs that clinicians find unreasonable or even offensive? Mediation may provide some approach...

Most crises, whether ecological, humanitarian, economic or even social, are preceded by various warning signals which make it possible to trigger alerts. These alerts prevent limit human and material damage if they delivered on time allow stakeholders (decision-makers, populations, etc.) prepare adequately for the coming crisis. Today, there many systems that can pick up of crises their consequ...

A decision is often made in a group and decision makers often utilize fuzzy judgments in attempting to reach an optimal solution. In order to deal with the fuzziness of decision makers' judgments in solutions, this paper proposes a fuzzy group decision-making method for multi-objective decision problems. The method allows group members to express their fuzzy preferences for decision objectives,...

A recent research project showed that decision-makers with different personality dispositions may display distinct preferences when making decisions. This paper presents a decision support framework which attempts to provide the basis for systems that are capable of adapting to their users based on their personality preferences. The capabilities of adaptation are facilitated through the constru...

This paper describes the development and use of a piece of software, "INTERACT", for analysing situations under the control of several interested parties, with particular relevance to International Relations. After briefly discussing forms of analysis used, the paper outlines the design philosophy of the software itself. Various modes of use are considered, including those of "decision support"...

Relying on interpretations of the symbolic threat thesis as a theoretical framework, in particular the emphasis on the perceptions of decision-makers and stereotyping, the authors examine the extent to which the effects of race on youth justice outcomes are influenced by gender and family status. They are especially interested in the individual and joint effects among the three. Although some s...

This paper considers Interval Analytic Hierarchy Process (Interval AHP) in group decision making for encouraging communication. Interval AHP is suitable method to handle subjective judgments since the induced results are intervals which can include uncertainty of given information. The decision makers’ opinions can be aggregated at some stages of decision making process to reach consensus. One ...

This study compared the effectiveness of two knowledge management system designs in supporting individual decision makers in a predictive judgement task. The black-box versus white-box system design was varied to allow for automating versus informating support in cue weighting and combination stages of the judgement process. The main findings indicate that only the white-box system design was e...

To study information technology selection decisions, IS researchers typically rely on two main theories: innovation diffusion and network effects theory. According to diffusion theory, selection decisions are based on factors associated with the product such as relative advantage, complexity, compatibility, observability, and trialability. Rather than deciding on product features, network effec...