A unique approach to simulate mass transfer across the moving droplet where mass transport equations and governing equations of the levels set method are solved separately is proposed in this work. Mass transfer coefficients of the chemical species can be computed by equating the diffusive flux and the mass transfer flux at the interface, which are found to be of the same order of magnitude as ...

The present study proposes novel micro-jet impingement heat sink with effusion holes for flow extraction. The design consists of impingement nozzles surrounded by multiple effusion holes to take away the spent fluid. A three-dimensional numerical model is used for steady, incompressible, laminar flow and conjugate heat transfer for the performance analysis of the proposed design. The computatio...

l. The heat-transfer characteristics of young and adults of several arctic-breeding shorebirds were examined. Heated. skin-covered metal casts were used for measurements difficult to perform on live birds. 2. Heat transfer coefficients are high in small chicks, but decrease rapidly with age. Both heat transfer coefficients and body resistances to heat flow (i.e. insulation) are linearly related...

The bio-heat transfer equation is a macroscopic model for describing the heat transfer in microvascular tissue. So far the derivation of the Helmholtz term arising in the bio-heat transfer equation is not completely satisfactory. Here we use homogenization techniques to show that this term may be understood as asymptotic result of boundary value problems which provide a microscopic description ...

Process intensification (PI) technologies such as rotating packed beds (RPBs) could reduce the size of absorber used in post-combustion CO2 capture (PCC) based on chemical absorption processes by about 12 times compared to absorber with standard packed beds. However, mass transfer correlations for predicting effective interfacial area and liquid film mass transfer coefficient in RPBs are limite...

Interfaces play an essential role in phonon-mediated heat conduction in solids, impacting applications ranging from thermoelectric waste heat recovery to heat dissipation in electronics. From a microscopic perspective, interfacial phonon transport is described by transmission and reflection coefficients, analogous to the well-known Fresnel coefficients for light. However, these coefficients hav...

Nanofluids are two-phase mixtures consisting of small percentages of nanoparticles (sub 1-10 %vol) inside a carrier fluid. The typical size of nanoparticles is less than 100 nm. These fluids have been exhibiting experimentally a significant increase of thermal performance compared to the corresponding carrier fluids, which cannot be explained using the classical thermodynamic theory. This study...

An analytical model has been developed for the study of turbulent film condensation from downward flowing vapors onto a horizontal elliptical tube with variable wall temperature. The interfacial shear at the vapor condensate film is evaluated with the help of Colburn analogy. The condensate film flow and local/or mean heat transfer characteristics from a horizontal elliptical tube with nonunifo...

HFO1234yf is a promising alternative for automobile air conditioners because of its low GWP of 4 and thermophysical properties similar to those of R134a. However, its performance is inferior to R410A. This makes it difficult to be applied to residential air-conditioners. A mixture of HFO1234yf and R32 is expected to balance both the GWP and COP requirement when applied to residential air-condit...

A new shape memory nanocomposite that exhibits rapid electrical actuation capabilities is fabricated by incorporating continuous, non-woven carbon nanofibers (CNFs) into an epoxy based SMP matrix. The fiber morphology and nanometre size provide a percolating conductive network with a large interfacial area. This not only gives high electrical conductivity but also simultaneously enhances heat t...