security policy-making in critical regions is one of the main concerns of the research centers and academic institutes. security-building in the regions like the caucasus is important because the historical roots of conflict could be seen in the policies of various countries. whenever some manifestations of authoritarianism can be seen, some countries are in the state of cooperative action. how...

importance of security and sense of peace is a one of the most important factors of urban environment. therefore, the necessity of security in urban spaces has caused the emergence of authentic theories like defensible spaces and crime prevention through environment design (cpted)*. in this paper, various literatures related to defensible space theories have been reviewed and the related keywor...

A life full of peace has always been a dream for human societies. Peace is still considered as one of the main modern world concerns, because each nation deals with its own kind of violence and war. Therefore, peacemaking has turned into one of the governments’ objectives. Peace has been affected by various factors in all over history. Media and communication technologies are two of the factors...

Rooted in a formal-legal tradition, international relationists have been thinking about anarchy and sovereignty wrong for over a century. Building on an alternative view of relational authority and recent research on the practice of sovereignty, a new conception of security hierarchy is developed that varies along a continuum from alliances at one end to protectorates at the other. This constru...

The ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine, which began in 2014, has been a major challenge to regional international security. In response, the European Union (EU) Organization for Security Cooperation Europe (OSCE) have actively involved efforts promote peace, stability, security region. light of this paper examines relationship (OSCE). EU OSCE engaged resolution efforts, with focus on d...

Abstract Drawing upon critical security studies, I explore the political stakes involved in characterising climate change as a peace and issue. argue that international law is constitution embedding of specific discourses, which have an impact on whose violence seen and, thus, condemned.

Liberal scholars in the international relations discipline argue that peace among nations would be the consequence of three complementary influences. First, republican constitutions eliminate autocratic caprice in waging war. Second, “an understanding of the legitimate rights of all citizens and of all republics comes into play” with the spread of democracy. This creates a moral foundation for ...

This article examines when, how and why local agreements are used to end violent conflict, drawing on a new global dataset of agreements. It provides typology security functions that deliver at different stages the conflict-to-peace cycle, types space they address create. relationship national peacemaking processes, arguing reveal nested nature local, national, transnational, international conf...

with comments received from OSCE, UNEP, UNDP and members of the project steering committee. The contents do not necessarily reflect the views of UNEP, UNDP or OSCE.ABSTRACT Consensus is emerging that cooperative and effective management of natural resources, and national, regional, and international security, are closely linked. For this reason, UNEP, UNDP and OSCE have initiated a process to b...