Administration of lipids into the upper intestine of rats has been shown to acutely decrease endogenous glucose production (EGP) in the preabsorptive state, postulated to act through a gut-brain-liver axis involving accumulation of long-chain fatty acyl-CoA, release of cholecystokinin, and subsequent neuronal signaling. It remains unknown, however, whether a similar gut-brain-liver axis is oper...

Excreted hydrogen analysis was used to measure stomach to caecum transit time of the head of a test meal in 120 rats fed by gavage. Results were compared with the distribution of a labelled test meal in the gastrointestinal tract of rats killed at different time intervals after gavage. Values for stomach to caecum transit were compatible with the distribution of labelled meals in 91% of animals...

To determine the effect of nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) on glucagon action, glucagon was infused intraportally (1.65 ng.min(-1).kg(-1)) for 3 h into 18-h-fasted, pancreatic-clamped conscious dogs in the presence [NEFA + glucagon (GGN)] or absence (GGN) of peripheral Intralipid plus heparin infusion. Additionally, hyperglycemic (HG), hyperglycemic-hyperlipidemic (NEFA + HG), and glycerol plu...

OBJECTIVE To investigate whether ω-3 fatty acid could stimulate gastrointestinal motility after abdominal operation. METHOD Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 group (normal saline group, intralipid group, and ω-3 fatty acid group, n = 18/group) after partial caecectomy and gastrostomosis, each group was divided into 3 groups (POD1, POD3, and POD6, n = 6/group). Serum gastrin (GAS), moti...

Pancreatic islet blood perfusion varies according to the needs for insulin secretion. We examined the effects of blood lipids on pancreatic islet blood flow in anesthetized rats. Acute administration of Intralipid to anesthetized rats increased both triglycerides and free fatty acids, associated with a simultaneous increase in total pancreatic and islet blood flow. A preceding abdominal vagotom...

26 27 Pancreatic islet blood perfusion varies according to the needs for insulin secretion. We 28 examined the effects of blood lipids on pancreatic islet blood flow in anesthetized rats. Acute 29 administration of intralipid to anesthetized rats increased both triglycerides and free fatty 30 acids, associated with a simultaneous increase in total pancreatic and islet blood flow. A 31 preceding...

Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) is a member of the gp130 receptor cytokine family recently identified as an antiobesity agent in rodents and humans by mechanisms that remain unclear. We investigated the impact of acute CNTF treatment on insulin action in the presence of lipid oversupply. To avoid confounding effects of long-term high-fat feeding or genetic manipulation on whole-body insulin ...

Weinberg et al. (1) first showed in 1998 that an infusion of a soybean oil emulsion normally used as a total parenteral nutrition solution could prevent (by pretreatment) or improve resuscitation from cardiovascular collapse caused by severe bupivacaine overdose in the intact, anesthetized rat. Subsequent studies from the same laboratory confirmed these findings in isolated rat heart (2) and an...

Platinum (Pt) drugs are the most potent and commonly used anti-cancer chemotherapeutics. Nanoformulation of Pt drugs has the potential to improve the delivery to tumors and reduce toxic side effects. A major challenge for translating nanodrugs to clinical settings is their rapid clearance by the reticuloendothelial system (RES), hence increasing toxicities on off-target organs and reducing effi...