UNLABELLED Medical personnel may encounter difficulties in obtaining intravenous (IV) access during cardiac arrest. The 2015 American Heart Association guidelines and the 2015 European Resuscitation Council guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) suggest that rescuers establish intraosseous (IO) access if an IV line is not easily obtainable.The aim of the study was to compare the suc...

Phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and ionomycin (Io) can induce T cell activation and proliferation. Furthermore, they stimulate activation-induced cell death (AICD) in mature lymphocytes via Fas/Fas ligand (FasL) up-regulation. In this study, we explored the influence of PMA/Io treatment on glioblastoma cells, and found that AICD-like phenomena may also occur in glioma. Using the MTT assay and c...

Abstract. Plastic debris is the most common and exponentially increasing human pollutant in world's ocean. The distribution impact of plastic Pacific Atlantic oceans have been subject many publications but not so Indian Ocean (IO). Some IO rim countries highest population densities globally mismanagement waste concern these states. plastic-polluted rivers empty into IO, with all this suggesting...

We present a generalisation of data refinement in Z, called IO-refinement, that allows changes in input and output parameters of operations. Several informal motivations for the desirability of such a refinement relation are given, followed by a formal derivation that demonstrates its theoretical soundness. It is proved that IO-refinement indeed generalizes data refinement. Several theorems are...

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Silicon tetrafluoride (SiF4) is observed in terrestrial volcanic gases and is predicted to be the major F – bearing species in low temperature volcanic gases on Io (Schaefer and Fegley, 2005b). SiF4 gas is also a potential indicator of silica – rich crust on Io. We used F/S ratios in terrestrial and extraterrestrial basalts, and gas/lava enrichment factors for F and S measured at terrestrial vo...

Storage is becoming key in HPC systems, and especially when Exascale systems enter the game. The amount of data needed to solve the coming HPC challenges will not fit in memory, thus storage systems need to keep the pace of computing improvements; otherwise Exascale machines will waste energy waiting for the storage system to deliver the needed data. This research line investigates several path...

Io, the volcanically active innermost large moon of Jupiter, was a target of intense study during the recently completed NASA Galileo mission to Jupiter (1989–2003). Galileo’s suite of instruments obtained unprecedented observations of Io, including high spatial resolution imaging in the visible and infrared. This paper reviews the insights gained about Io’s surface, atmosphere and space enviro...

There is some evidence that indistinguishability obfuscation (iO) requires either exponentially many assumptions or (sub)exponentially hard assumptions, and indeed, all known ways of building obfuscation suffer one of these two limitations. As such, any application built from iO suffers from these limitations as well. However, for most applications, such limitations do not appear to be inherent...

OBJECTIVE Intraosseous access (IO) is becoming increasingly accepted in adult populations as an alternative to peripheral vascular access; however, there is still insufficient evidence in large patient groups supporting its use. METHODS Retrospective review. This paper reports on the use of IO devices over a 7-year period from August 2006 to August 2013 during combat operations in Afghanistan...