In this paper we intend to examine the application of Kullback-Leibler, Hellinger and LINEX loss function in Dynamic Linear Model using the real price of oil for 106 years of data from 1913 to 2018 concerning the asymmetric problem in filtering and forecasting. We use DLM form of the basic Hoteling Model under Quadratic loss function, Kullback-Leibler, Hellinger and LINEX trying to address the ...

In this note we look at sufficient conditions for stationarity of a simple random coefficient model and find that this model is guaranteed to be stationary under strict conditions. JEL codes: C22

This paper investigates how variations in macroeconomic uncertainty distort commercial banks’ allocation of loanable funds by analyzing the dispersion of banks’ total loan-to-asset ratios over a quartercentury period. JEL: C22, C23, D81, E51.

sharp increase in oil price and the volatility in recent decades have attracted most researchers towards the field of energy. it seems not only the direct oil price, but also the uncertainty caused by the oil price volatility affect the raw oil supply. in this research the effect of oil price volatility on oil supply has been estimated using monthly time series data from january 1980 to septemb...

risk prediction plays an increasing role in financial risk management. this study aims to investigate existence of asymmetry and long memory volatility in tehran stock exchange index daily data over period of 1998-2006. 1467 daily index returns are used for volatility modeling via garch (long & short memory) processes for both normal and t-student innovations. the specification and forecasting ...

The authors provide a detailed empirical analysis of Canadian city housing prices. They examine the long-run relationship between city house prices in Canada from 1981 to 2005 as well as idiosyncratic relations between city prices and city-specific variables. The results suggest that city house prices are only weakly correlated in the long run, and that there is a disconnect between house price...

this study employs a gmdh neural network model, which has high capability in recognition of complicated non-linear trends especially with small samples, for modeling and predicting iranian gdp growth. first a fundamental model containing 7 independent variables together with dependent variable is designed and then by using deductive process and omission of one variable at a time, a total of 18 ...

In the wake of steep fall in national savings due to economic shocks, among them COVID-19 pandemic macroeconomic consequences, this study examines what extent inflation explains variation saving behavior developing countries. Most past empirical studies investigated role on only advanced nations. The current will investigate effect culture Kenya. To determine how saving, use s ordinary least sq...

o ne of the effective strategies for economic development of clusters is the conduct of networking activities by cluster members. indeed, the majority of cluster members are micro and small enterprises, so, should attempt to overcome their inherent constraints and influence the market through networking activities. in addition, these enterprises lack an intra-firm research and development unit ...