BACKGROUND Inequality in households' payments on food and health expenditures presents the accessibility and utilization patterns between them. This study investigated the Iranian rural and urban households' inequality in payments on food and Out-of-Pocket health expenditures from 1998 to 2012. METHODS This descriptive study was conducted through the analysis of Iranian Statistics Centre data...

In recent years, due to the fact that non-renewable energies come to an end, renewable energy is expected to provide a significant part of the future needs of Iran. Among these energies, solar energy is a suitable option for a wide range of the country, due to availability, proper radiation intensity, and high sunshine times during the year (about 300 sunny days per year). The purpose of this p...

On March 9th, 2011, the eminent scholar of Iranian studies, historian, bibliographer, Persian manuscript expert, journalist, biographer and writer, Iraj Afshar passed away at the age of 85 in Tehran. His demise was a great loss to Iranian culture. He edited or wrote around 300 books in various fields of Iranian studies, including the history of medicine in Iran and published more than 2000 pape...

Objective: Viola odorata has been used since ancient times. According to Traditional Iranian Medicine (TIM) sources, it a cool and moist temperament is for treatment of different diseases. Due the low side effects numerous beneficial this plant, study aims review its therapeutic from perspective TIM modern medicine. Methods: In study, search was conducted materials in many books such as Canon M...

Background: It is well recognized that different patients respond in different ways to medications. The inter-individual variations are greater than the intera-individual variations, a finding consistent with the notion that inheritance is a determinant of drug responses. The recent identification of genetic polymorphisms in drug-metabolizing enzymes and drug transporters led to the hypothesis ...

in order to evaluate the variation of some of quantitative and qualitative traits of different varieties of linseed under different plant densities, an experiment was conducted in the research station of the faculty of agriculture in shahrekord univerity in 2009. this experiment was arranged as factorial in rcbd design with three replications. four linseeds originated from australia, canada, fr...

the main objectives of this paper are measuring the technical efficiency of iranian thermal power plants and investigating the determinants of technical efficiency levels in these plants. stochastic nonparametric envelopment data (stoned) method applied to plant-level data over a period of thirteen years from 1999 to 2011. this is the first comprehensive analysis (to our knowledge) of technical...

Background & Aims of the Study: Drinking polluted water can transmit diseases, so potable water treatment is one of the most challenging and complex systems in countries. Continuous monitoring for evaluation process in water treatment plant is important. This study aims to investigate performance evaluation of Qom water treatment plant to remove turbidity and coliform in 2005 - 2014. Materia...

In this study we explored the most important topics of acculturation experiences among Iranian refugees in the Netherlands, using the Self-Confrontation Method (Hermans & Hermans-Jansen, 1995). We discussed the Dialogical Self Theory reffering to the multiple selves of people who have to deal with different cultures. Ewing (1990) and Hermans and Kempen (1993) argued that a person could have con...