Abstract This article identifies the personalities and circumstances behind two previously unknown heterodox religious publishing projects of seventeenth century. The first was based in Leiden United Provinces, while second originated Dresden Electoral Saxony. project likely led by German jurist Johann Angelius Werdenhagen, who 1628 had Jacob Böhme’s Weg zu Christo Anna Ovena Hoyer’s Gespräch E...

Abstract Rhetorical structure is helpful in improving how the writers maintain cohesion in their writings. This study examines how the Iraqi writers maintain cohesion in the text by analyzing the various rhetorical moves in Azzaman, an online Iraqi newspaper. To this purpose, twelve opinion articles from Azzaman Iraqi newspaper, published from January 2013 to June 2013 were analyzed. The findin...

Styles in the normal course of historical development change and evolve, and in the process of this movement and change, some poets play a vital role. These poets try to be inventive in order to escape banality and repeated and shallow literary traditions, and by creating a rift between themselves and former traditions they introduce new elements.  These artists either create new figures o...

jamal–od-din al-asadabadi (1838-1897) is one of the greatest reformers in modern islamic history. he has valuable views and suggestions of advancement of the islamic world and unity among muslims, and he is one of the pioneers of the fight against despotism and colonialism. the reformer thinker has paid many attempts for the renewal of religious understanding that fits contemporary necessities....

Military personnel experiencing combat in Iraq and Afghanistan are suffering wounds that are much greater in number and variety than those endured by veterans of earlier wars. This circumstance is due, in part, to advances in medical science and technology. Soldiers, sailors and marines who suffered such severe wounds in earlier wars simply died because they were beyond the reach of then contem...

extended abstract 1. introduction nazek al-malaike (1923-2007) is among the contemporary poets in whose works the themes of romanticism such as loneliness, grief, despair, traveling to a fantasy world, and love can be seen. she is an emotional poet with breadth of imagination who under the influence of romanticism, at times through digressing toward the past and remembering memories and at othe...

Recent feminist and gender-oriented scholarship about the Victorian sonnet has attributed a pioneering role to Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s Sonnets from the Portuguese in the nineteenth-century revival of the genre. Eminent literary critics such as Angela Leighton, Alison Chapman, and Dorothy Mermin agree that theSonnets, in Chapman’s words, ‘translate the amatory discourse of Petrarchanism int...