The recovery of fine hematite particles from banded hematite quartzite (BHQ) ore with potato starch has been investigated using selective flocculation. Microscopic features, coupled with x-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic data provide evidences for adsorption of starch molecules on hematite surface. The starch molecules show good selectivity for hemati...

Iron ore sintering processes constitute significant sources of dioxins, and studies have confirmed a close correlation between polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) and dioxin formation. Thus, iron ore sintering processes are thought to be a potential source of PCNs, although intensive investigations on PCN emissions from sintering processes have not been carried out. Therefore, the aim of the pr...

The processes responsible for the transformation of banded iron formations to hard high-grade hematite ore, and their timing, remain poorly understood despite many recent advances. The paleomagnetic method allows for the estimation of ore genesis timing as a complement to other techniques. The effectiveness of the paleomagnetic method at dating, and testing proposed models for, the genesis of h...

In general terms, sintering describes the bonding of particles into a more coherent structure, where joins form between packed particles, usually as a result of heating. Characterization of sintering is an important topic in the fields of metallurgy, steel, iron ore pellets, ceramics, and snow for understanding material properties and material strength. Characterization using image analysis has...

C ERTAIN attention is paid today to the weaknesses of the classical blast furnace process, and interest is continuously increasing in methods for direct reduction without melting. Several different methods have been developed or suggested in the past, but so far only a few have been adopted for practical use. Another tendency in the iron industry of today is the change-over to concentrates, wit...

During the last few years, most production-based businesses have been under enormous pressure to improve their top-line growth and bottom-line savings. As a result, many companies are turning to systems and technologies that can help optimise their supply chain activities. In this paper, we discuss a real-world application of scheduling in the mining industry. This is a highly constrained probl...

According to published literature, iron was primarily used for making weapons in ancient times. The great Indian epics, Ramayana and Mahabharatha, contain evidence that our forefathers knew about the usage of iron long before many other countries knew about it! Iron is thus very native to India! This is a logical conclusion because, our war-centric epics date back to several thousand years BC. ...

In the present work, iron recovery from a low-grade hematite ore (containing less than 40% iron), which is not applicable in common methods of ironmaking, was studied. Non-coking coal was used as reducing agent. Reduction experiments were performed under various coal to hematite ratios and temperatures. Reduction degree was calculated using the gravimetric method. Reduced samples were subjected...

introduction iron-apatite ore deposits well known as kiruna iron type formed in association with calc-alkaline volcanism from proterozoic to tertiary (hitzman et al., 1992). liquid immiscibility in an igneous system was proposed to explain the formation of the iron oxides accompanying apatite in mineralized zones (förster and jafarzadeh, 1994; daliran, 1999). the mode of ore formation however, ...