The phycobilin pigments were freshly extracted from Porphyra naiadum in the cold. At least two types of phycoerythrin (I and II) can be distinguished by electrophoresis, chromatography, and spectral characteristics. At pH 5.0 phycoerythrin II has a relatively large negative charge, while phycoerythrin I is nearly iso-electric. At pH 7.0, however, phycoerythrin I has the larger negative charge. ...

As tobacco control eVorts gain worldwide momentum, policy makers, scientists, and public health advocates are focusing on the development of an appropriate set of international standards to regulate tobacco products. Often forming the technical basis of national regulations, international standards for tobacco have a widespread impact on growers, manufacturers, and consumers. Established in 194...

A fixed microelectrode device for cell stimulation has been designed and fabricated using micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) technology. Dielectrophoretic forces obtained from non-uniform electric fields were used for manipulating and positioning osteoblasts. The experiments show that the osteoblasts experience positive dielectrophoresis (p-DEP) when suspended in iso-osmotic culture medium...

Two recombinant DNA-derived variants of ovine growth hormone were produced, purified, characterized and compared with the authentic pituitary derived GH. The variants oGH3 and oGH5 were isolated by differential centrifugation method and were purified after refolding by ion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration. Both the proteins showed single band on SDS-PAGE and had molecular weight and i...

Among a group of 116 clinically significant isolates of Bacteroides spp., 24 exhibited beta-lactamase activity greater than the basal level characteristic of most Bacteroides strains. Investigation of specific enzyme activity, iso-electric point and enzyme inhibition profiles revealed that the beta-lactamases involved could be divided into four groups, some showing similarity to those described...

In the automotive domain the standard ISO 26262 places significant emphasis on the assignment of Automotive Safety Integrity Levels (ASILs). In particular much of Part 3 of the standard is dedicated to the process that determines the three factors that contribute to the final assigned ASIL value: exposure, severity and controllability. In this paper we examine some of the issues that the author...

Several regions of the U.S. have sought to restructure the electric power industry by separating the potentially competitive generation sector from the natural monopoly functions of electricity transmission and distribution. Under this restructuring scheme, a central authority, which we will refer to as the independent system operator (ISO), is given control over both the transmission system an...