BACKGROUND N-acetyl transferase (NAT) inactivates the pro-drug isoniazid (INH) to N-acetyl INH through a process of acetylation, and confers low-level resistance to INH in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). Similar to NAT of MTB, NAT2 in humans performs the same function of acetylation. Rapid acetylators, may not respond to INH treatment efficiently, and could be a potential risk factor, for the...

BACKGROUND Specific isoniazid (INH) resistance conferring mutations have been shown to impact the likelihood of tuberculosis (TB) transmission. However, their role in the clinical presentation and outcomes of TB has not been evaluated. METHODS We included all cases of culture-confirmed, INH monoresistant tuberculosis reported to the San Francisco Department of Public Health Tuberculosis Contr...

BACKGROUND Isoniazid (INH) resistance is now the most common type of tuberculosis (TB) infection resistance worldwide. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of patients with low- and high-concentration INH-monoresistant TB. METHODS One hundred and thirty-four patients with culture-confirmed INH-monoresistant TB during 2006 January to 2007 De...

Isoniazid (INH) and Rifampicin (RFP) are widely used in the world for the treatment of tuberculosis, but the hepatotoxicity is a major concern during clinical therapy. Previous studies showed that these drugs induced oxidative stress in liver, and several antioxidants abated this effect. Metallothionein (MT), a member of cysteine-rich protein, has been proposed as a potent antioxidant. This stu...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study were to investigate a role of oxidative stress and the therapeutic efficacy of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) in the pathogenesis of neurotoxicity induced by isoniazid and etambutol in a rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into eight experimental groups: control, INH, ETM, INH+ETM, INH+CAPE, ETM+CAPE, INH+ETM+CAP...

New, simple and cost effective spectrophotometric methods have been developed for the quality assessment of isoniazid (INH), in bulk and in pharmaceutical formulations by using novel reagents. The proposed methods involve the utility of ethyl 2-[(E)-(4hydroxyphenyl) diazenyl]-3-oxobutanoate and benzil as novel reagents for the determination of INH. Developed methods are based on the condensatio...

A rapid drug susceptibility test to measure the susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to isoniazid (INH) and rifampin (RIF) using clinical isolates and a newly defined mycolic acid index (MAI) was evaluated. A total of 200 clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis were tested for susceptibility or resistance to INH and RIF by the MAI susceptibility and indirect-proportion methods. Overall, th...

s of "Tuberculosis Research" Vol. 9, 1958. Study on the Hemagglutination Reaction with Special Reference to the Influence of Heating on the Antigens Katsuo ONO and Yoshio TAKAHASHI Proteinic fractions were isolated from Sauton culture filtrates of human tubercle bacilli (H 37 Rv), by precipitation with trichloroacetic acid. Polysaccharine fractions were isolated from the deproteinized filtrates...

Abstract A bioanalytical method for simultaneous quantification of isoniazid (INH), pyrazinamide (PZA) and ethambutol (EMB) in plasma was developed validated using high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. After extracted by protein precipitation acetonitrile, the analytes were separated on a Waters XBridge Amide column isocratic elution acetonitrile 5 mM ammonium ac...

Therapeutic drug monitoring in tuberculosis remains controversial. We evaluated the relationship between antituberculosis drug levels in blood and clinical outcome. Serum concentrations of first-line antituberculosis drugs were measured in tuberculosis patients between March 2006 and April 2013. Venous blood was drawn 2 h after drug ingestion and was analyzed using high-performance liquid chrom...