the increasing reliance on information gathered from the web and other internet technologies raise the issue of trust. through the development of semantic web, one major difficulty is that, by its very nature, the semantic web is a large, uncensored system to which anyone may contribute. this raises the question of how much credence to give each resource. each user knows the trustworthiness of ...

The objective of the present case report is to punctuate the importance of individualized therapy procedures and the accurate diagnosis of the muscles involved in oromandibular dystonia and underline the role of electromyography (EMG). We report a woman who presented sustained jaw movement towards the left, severe difficulty in jaw opening and jaw protrusion. The patient was treated with inject...

Jaw reflexes and masseter electromyograms were studied in five patients with mesencephalic and 11 patients with pontine lesions, vascular or tumorous in nature. In the former group jaw reflexes were abnormal, being delayed or absent, whereas masseter electromyograms were normal. In the latter group, both jaw reflexes and masseter EMG, showing denervation, were abnormal in six and both normal in...

The aim of this study was to clarify the normal function of the inferior head of the human lateral pterygoid muscle (IHLP). The hypothesis was that an important function of the IHLP is in the fine control of horizontal jaw movements. The activities of 99 single motor units (SMUs) were recorded from IHLP (22 recordings from 16 subjects). Most recording sites were identified by computer tomograph...

objective: congenital fusion of jaws is a rare disorder which is observed in infants and cab ne syndromic and non-syndromic. limited mouth opening in patients can affect the child growth and cause difficulties in feeding, swallowing and breathing.   case: a in this study, a female infant from afghanistan, settled in qom referred to alzahra maternity with upper and lower fusion jaws is reported....

The present study considers the muscle impedance control of upper lip-jaw coordination for jaw mechanical perturbations during bilabial utterances. When we perturbed jaw movement for the / / utterance in the carrier sentences of ”kono a a a mitai”, labial distance was recovered quickly by the downward shift of the upper lip [8]. Initial downward shift (40ms after the load onset) of the upper li...

Common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) generate wide jaw gapes when gouging trees with their anterior teeth to elicit tree exudate flow. Closely related cotton-top tamarins (Saguinus oedipus) do not gouge trees but share similar diets including exudates. Maximizing jaw opening theoretically compromises the bite forces that marmosets can generate during gouging. To investigate how jaw-muscle arch...

Sexual dimorphism is common in nature and has the potential to increase intraspecific variation in performance and patterns of resource use. We sought to determine whether anadromous threespine stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus, exhibit sexual dimorphism in feeding kinematics. We filmed four males and four females consuming live prey in a total of 51 sequences filmed at 500 Hz, then tested fo...

Vertebrates have achieved great evolutionary success due in large part to the anatomical diversification of their jaw complex, which allows them to inhabit almost every ecological niche. While many studies have focused on mechanisms that pattern the jaw skeleton, much remains to be understood about the origins of novelty and diversity in the closely associated musculature. To address this issue...