Estimating the size of populations most affected by HIV such as men who have sex with men (MSM) though crucial for structuring responses to the epidemic presents significant challenges, especially in a developing society. Using capture-recapture methodology, the size of MSM-SW in Nigeria was estimated in three major cities (Lagos, Kano and Port Harcourt) between July and December 2009. Followin...

Resistance to broad spectrum β lactams, mediated by extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESβL) and AmpC βL enzymes is fast spreading in Nigerian hospitals. Production of these enzymes has resulted in treatment failure especially if one of the second or third generation cephalosporins is used. A study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of each enzyme and coproduction of the two enzymes amon...

BACKGROUND Incarceration has been associated with reduced physical activity. However, physical inactivity is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The aim of the present study was therefore, to evaluate the incidence and relationship between the measures of physical fitness and the duration of incarceration in of inmates in Kano-Nigeria prisons. METHOD A cross-sectional study was done to ...

Objectives: Coping strategies are important following spinal cord injury (SCI). It is equally important to know the peculiar coping strategy used in a given population with a distinct cultural background. The aim of this study was to explore the peculiar coping strategies used by people with SCI in Kano.  Methods: The study was a qualitative interview approved by the research ethics commi...

Household food insecurity -the lack of access at all times to a sufficient quantity and quality of safe and nutritious food for an active and healthy life can cause under-nutrition and micronutrient deficiencies, which affect every age group throughout the developing world. Whatever the reasons for food insecurity agroecological, socio-economic or multisectoralfood-based interventions hold the ...

BACKGROUND In northern Nigeria, trachoma is an important public health problem, but there are currently few population-based data on prevalence of disease and no formal trachoma control programs. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS In Kano state, Nigeria, we conducted a population-based cross-sectional survey using multistage cluster random sampling, combining examination for clinical signs of tra...

A survey by Desborough and Miller (2002) of over 11,000 controllers in the process industries found that over 97% of regulatory controllers use the PID algorithm. Kano and Ogawa (2010) reported that PID control, conventional advanced control and model predictive control are used in an approximately 100:10:1 ratio. Although, a PID controller has only three adjustable parameters, finding appropri...

For every 1 ≤ i ≤ n, let Ti be a rooted star with root vi, where vi is not necessary to be its center. Then the union F = T1 ∪T2 ∪ . . .∪ Tn is called a rooted star forest with roots v1, v2, . . . , vn. Let P be a set of |F | points in the plane in general position containing n specified points p1, p2, . . . , pn, where |F | denotes the order of F . Then we show that there exists a bijection φ ...