Purpose. It was to quantify the intraobserver and interobserver variability of the sonographic measurements of renal pelvis and classify hydronephrosis severity. Methods. Two ultrasonographers evaluated 17 fetuses from 23 to 39 weeks of gestation. Renal pelvis APD were taken in 50 renal units. For intraobserver error, one of them performed three sequential measurements. The mean and standard de...

To try and improve the interobserver agreement for the diagnosis of TIA, we used a checklist in which the symptoms were recorded in plain language, instead of in abstract diagnostic terms such as amaurosis fugax. Criteria for a diagnosis of TIA were similarly phrased and recommended to all observers. Eight senior neurologists and ten neurology residents interviewed 72 patients in random pairs. ...

Receptor binding studies and electrophysiological studies demonstrated the existence of at least two kappa opioid receptors, which have been designated kappa-1 and kappa-2. Several agonists and antagonists are selective for the kappa-1 receptor whereas no known ligands are selective for the kappa-2 receptor. In this study, the kappa opioid GR89,696 was tested in the guinea pig hippocampal slice...

NF-kappa B is an important transcription factor required for T cell proliferation and other immunological functions. The NF-kappa B1 gene encodes a 105-kD protein that is the precursor of the p50 component of NF-kappa B. Previously, we and others have demonstrated that NF-kappa B regulates the NF-kappa B1 gene. In this manuscript we have investigated the molecular mechanisms by which T cell lin...

More than 80% of the total milk protein contains caseins that are to forms α-s1, α-s2, β-casein and kappa casein. Kappa casein is smaller than other milk proteins but due to have a role in size and stability of micelles. The present study describes polymorphism of kappa casein gene. This is the first study of kappa casein gene polymorphism in Najdi cattle of Iran. We used the polymerase chain r...

We continue our study of maps transforming high-dimensional complicated objects into squares stationary sets. Previously, we proved that many such transformations exist in ZFC, and here address the consistency strongest conceivable transformations. Along way, obtain new results on Shelah's coloring principle $Pr_1$. For $\kappa$ inaccessible, prove $Pr_1(\kappa,\kappa,\kappa,\kappa)$. successor...

We hypothesized that head computed tomography (CT) is an accurate screening tool for detecting nonnasal midfacial fractures in trauma patients. We retrospectively reviewed charts and official readings for all patients who underwent both head and facial CT scans for trauma at our trauma center between August 2002 and April 2003. The ability of head CT to diagnose nonnasal bone midfacial fracture...

PURPOSE To assess the extent of agreement in the evaluation of non-mydriatic retinographies of diabetic patients among ophthalmologists and a group of primary care physicians with previous training. METHODS The study was divided in two phases. In the first phase, the four participants were instructed in the interpretation of retinographies. The second phase involved the evaluation of 1000 ima...

Subchondral bone alterations are emerging as considerable clinical problems associated with articular cartilage repair. Their analysis exposes a pattern of variable changes, including intra-lesional osteophytes, residual microfracture holes, peri-hole bone resorption, and subchondral bone cysts. A precise distinction between them is becoming increasingly important. Here, we present a tailored a...

introduction: it is recommended that the physician apply at least a semi-quantitative segmental scoring system in myocardial perfusion spect.  we aimed to assess the agreement between automated semi-quantitative analysis using qps (quantitative perfusion spect) software and visual approach for calculation of summed stress  score (sss), summed rest score (srs) and summed difference score (sds). ...