The use of a single index to assist in quality control procedures of X-ray television fluoroscopy systems was investigated. A single quality index was devised incorporating a measure of threshold contrast detail detectability (TCDD) performance and taking into account image intensifier input kerma rate, field size, differences in radiation beam quality, and pulsed fluoroscopy. This was applied ...

Automated seed loaders for permanent prostate implants are now commercially available. Besides improved radiation safety, these systems offer seed assay capability and ease of needle loading, making preplanned as well as intra-operative implant procedures more time-efficient. The Isoloader (Mentor Corp., CA) uses individual I125 seeds (SL-125 ProstaSeed) loaded in up to 199 chambers inside a sh...

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to measure the image quality of a digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) system quantitatively. MATERIALS AND METHODS The signal transfer property (STP), modulation transfer function (MTF), noise power spectrum (NPS), and detective quantum efficiency (DQE) of the Hologic Selenia Dimensions breast tomosynthesis system were measured according to established methods...

A recurrent problem in the study of Egyptian ceramics is the distinction between the everyday types of vessels used by the living and the pots chosen as grave goods. Since most of our standard typologies are composed of examples from tomb groups, utilitarian wares are often not represented (Bourriau 1986/87). This distinction is even greater for the cultures of Nubia where we have far fewer cor...

While direct measurement of the peak skin dose resulting from a fluoroscopically-guided procedure is possible, the decision must be made a priori at additional cost and time. It is most often the case that the need for accurate knowledge of the peak skin dose is realized only after a procedure has been completed, or after a suspected reaction has been discovered. Part I of this review article d...

The parallel-plate free-air ionization chambers are used for X-rays air-kerma rate standards at National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST). The diaphragms are used to free-air chambers to fix the air volume of ionizing region in chambers. It means that absolute air-kerma rates are defined for collimated x-ray beams, beca...

The estimation of the mean glandular dose to the breast (MGD) for x-ray based imaging modalities forms an essential part of quality control and is needed for risk estimation and for system design and optimisation. This review considers the development of methods for estimating the MGD for mammography, digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) and dedicated breast CT (DBCT). Almost all of the methodolo...

The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) statement on tissue reactions, issued by the Commission in April 2011, reviewed epidemiological evidence and suggested that there are some tissue reactions where threshold doses are or may be lower than those previously considered. For the lens of the eye, the threshold is now considered to be 0.5 Gy. The absorbed dose threshold for...