We study a fundamental, all order cancellation operating between graphs of distinct kinematic nature, which allows for the construction of gauge-independent effective self-energies, vertices, and boxes at arbitrary order. When quantizing gauge theories in the continuum one must invariably resort to an appropriate gauge-fixing procedure in order to remove redundant (non-dynamical) degrees of fre...

A n understanding of de novo organelle construction comes one step closer thanks to He et al. (page 925), who fi nd that Atg11 leads Atg9 to the preautophagosomal structure (PAS). The PAS is intriguing because it is the site where fragments of membrane coalesce to form a new organelle: the autophagosome. In yeast, two fl avors of this process exist. Bulk autophagy is induced by starvation and i...

Tsaalbi-Shtylik et al. reveal that DNA mismatch repair (MMR) proteins suppress UV-induced mutagenesis by removing nucleotides introduced by error-prone DNA polymerases. The MMR pathway is best known for its role in correcting the rare mistakes of replicative DNA polymerases. However, the MMR proteins Msh2 and Msh6 have also been implicated in preventing the introduction of DNA mutations followi...

Management of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) lial permeability [13]), altered membrane lipid trafficking (14), and increased activity of stress-responsive genes (15) has improved in recent years, resulting in a decrease in mortality (1, 2), although precise reasons for this are still debated. that may participate in the genesis of VILI. Severe alterations (cell lysis, basement membr...

We present a short introduction to continuum models for the plastic ow of metals. Our emphasis is on the physical principles underlying these models, the nature and validity of approximations involved, and the mathematical structure of the ow equations. Using the framework developed, we derive a simple, but realistic, model describing one-dimensional plastic ow. 1. Introduction When a piece of ...

We discuss in this Chapter a series of theoretical developments which motivate the introduction of a quantum evolution equation for which the eikonal approximation results in the geodesics of a four dimensional manifold. This geodesic motion can be put into correpondence with general relativity. The well-known problem of the self-interaction of a relativistic charged particle is studied from th...

Fluticasone propionate Anti-inflammatory Lymphocyte Adhesion molecules Eosinophil CD4+ cells Interleukin-5 Antigen challenge Protease inhibitor Correspondence to: Dr. M. Johnson, Respiratory Commercial Strategy, Glaxo plc, Stockley Park West, Uxbridge, Middlesex UB11 1BU (UK) Fluticasone propionäte (FP) is a new corticosteroid based on the androstane nucleus [1]. It is more lipophilic than becl...

ells only exit metaphase if all their chromosomes are both attached and under tension from microtubules of the bipolar spindle, which pull on sister kinetochores that face in opposite directions. report that tension creation requires Mtw1p and associated proteins, and is sensed by the conserved Ipl1p/Aurora B protein kinase. In the current model for Ipl1p action, many chromosomes initially have...

The asymmetry distributions for several kinematic variables are considered for finding a systematic way to maximize the signal for the extraction of the polarized gluon density. The relevance of mass effects for the corresponding dijet cross section is discussed and the different approximations for including mass effects are compared. We also compare via the programs Pepsi and Mepjet two differ...

Switzerland cytokine secretion, which are necessary for the production of mature T cells, B cells, and APC. It is thought that HSC (Figure 1, cell type 1) divide asymmetrically to renew themselves, whereas the other cell in a division Three major types of hematopoietic cells cooperate in further differentiates and migrates to a new microenvi-the recognition of antigens in humoral adaptive immun...