When looking at the effects of diesel engine exhaust on the environment, it is important to first look at the composition of the exhaust gases. Over 99.5% of the exhaust gases are a  combination of  nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water. With the exception of carbon  dioxide, which contributes about  5% of the total volume, the diesel engine exhaust consists of  elements which are part of...

Editorial (p. 165) Guest Editorial: The Future of Research on Evidence-based Developmental Violence Prevention in Europe – Introduction to the Focus Section Manuel Eisner / Tina Malti (pp. 166 – 175) Violence Prevention in Austrian Schools: Implementation and Evaluation of a National Strategy Christiane Spiel / Petra Wagner / Dagmar Strohmeier (pp. 176 – 186) Clinical Significance of Parent Tra...

A detailed chemistry-based CFD model was developed to simulate the diesel spray combustion and emission process. A reaction mechanism of n-heptane is coupled with a reduced NOx mechanism to simulate diesel fuel oxidation and NOx formation. The soot emission process is simulated by a phenomenological soot model that uses a competing formation and oxidation rate formulation. The model is applied ...

porous media has interesting features in compared with free flame combustion due to the extended of the lean flammability limits and lower emissions. advanced new generation of internal combustion (ic) engines are expected to have far better emissions levels both gaseous and particulate matter, at the same time having far lower fuel consumption on a wide range of operating condition. these crit...

Dark Moon was gone, Low Cloud lamented. Gone forever. The Clan Wise Man had gone back to the place whence the Puma People, like all creatures treading upon the Great Mother's mesa or flying under the Great Father's sky, had come, and whither they would all return. And so never again would be see all the moons that had been and those to be and share this vision. Young Low Cloud bad never known a...

A computer model developed for describing multicomponent fuel vaporization, and ignition in diesel engines has been applied in this study to understand cold-starting and the parameters that are of significant influence on this phenomena. This research utilizes recent improvements in spray vaporization and combustion models that have been implemented in the KIVA-II CFD code. Typical engine fuels...

In this paper, a numerical study is performed to provide the combustion and emission characteristics resulting from fuel-reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) combustion mode in a heavy-duty, single-cylinder diesel engine with gasoline and diesel fuels. In RCCI strategy in-cylinder fuel blending is used to develop fuel reactivity gradients in the combustion chamber that result in a ...