Labor pain is one of the greatest pains experienced by women throughout their life. Relief this an important issue for in labor [1]. Epidural analgesia most effective relief method and considered gold standard [2]. Nevertheless, scientific studies reveal limited parturient knowledge about epidural anesthesia [3,4]. This study has been conducted to assess knowledge, sources information, attitude...

Different approaches and methods are used in the architecture design process that logical and intuitional methods are the most common ones. The role of knowledge in each method is different.  Investigating aspects of knowledge demonstrated the hierarchy from data to wisdom and the interaction of explicit and tacit types, subjective and objective sources, and analytical and exploratory ways of p...

In this paper we propose the building blocks of a driver assistant system. The system includes i) a conversational interface for communication between user and system ii) a virtual knowledge base which consists of a stable core of world knowledge (Cyc) and a large pool of instance data (Linked Data from the web) and iii) an interoperation layer which interconnects the knowledge base and individ...

The availability of multiple heterogeneous, autonomous, distributed data sources containing related information has created a need for integrated access to these information systems. Heterogeneous/multi-database systems address this issue when the component data sources are database systems. Resolution of heterogeneities for integrated access requires discovering and managing certain types of k...