How to effectively evaluate and identify the potential default risk of borrowers calculate probability before issuing loans is basis important link credit management modern financial institutions. This paper mainly studies statistical analysis historical loan data banks other institutions with help idea non-balanced classification, uses machine learning algorithms (not algorithms) such as rando...

Default logic is one of the best known and most studied of the approaches to nonmonotonic reasoning. Subsequently, several variants of default logic have been proposed to give systems with properties differing from the original. In this paper we show that these variants are in a sense superfluous, in that for any of these variants of default logic, we can exactly mimic the behaviour of a varian...

Reiter’s default logic is one of the best known and most studied of the approaches to nonmonotonic reasoning. Several variants of default logic have subsequently been proposed to give systems with properties differing from the original. In this paper, we examine the relationship between default logic and its major variants. We accomplish this by translating a default theory under a variant inte...

Accurate judgments and decisions are crucial for success in many areas of human life. The accuracy of a judgment or decision depends largely on the cognitive process applied. In research on judgment, decision making, and categorization, two kinds of cognitive processes have often been contrasted: exemplar-based processes, which use similarity to previously encountered items to make judgments, d...

This paper employs non-parametric specification tests developed in Hong and Li (2005) to evaluate several one-factor reduced-form credit risk models for actual default intensities. Using estimates for actual default probabilities provided by Moody’s KMV from 1994 to 2005 for 106 U.S. firms in seven industry groups, we strongly reject popular univariate affine model specifications. As a good com...

In this paper, we investigate the proof theory of default reasoning. We generalize Reiter's framework to a monotonic reasoning system, and in particular allow formulae with nested defaults. We give proof rules for this extended default logic, called default ionic logic, and give deduction theorems. We also give examples of applications of our framework to some well-known problems: weak implicat...

This paper employs non-parametric specification tests developed in Hong and Li (2005) to evaluate several one-factor reduced-form credit risk models for actual default intensities. Using estimates for actual default probabilities provided by Moody’s KMV from 1994 to 2005 for 106 U.S. firms in seven industry groups, we strongly reject popular univariate affine model specifications. As a good com...

According to the adverse consequences that are brought by financial distress for companies, economy and financial –monetary institutions, the use of methods that can predict the occurrence of financial failure and prevent the loss of wealth is of great importance. The major models of credit risk assessment are based on retrospective information and using the methods which use the updated market...

I study associative processing in high-level judgment using vector space semantic models. I find that semantic relatedness, as quantified by these models, is able to provide a good measure of the associations involved in judgment, and, in turn, predict responses in a large number of existing and novel judgment tasks. My results shed light on the representations underlying judgment, and highligh...

A database management system has been realized that, by taking physical and chemical properties (the complex refractive index and the size distribution) of basic components as its starting point, allows the user to obtain optical properties of default as well as user-defined aerosol classes. Default classes are defined in accordance with the most widely known and used aerosol models. We obtain ...