Movements of six basking sharks (4.0-6.5 m total body length, L(T)) swimming at the surface were tracked and horizontal velocities determined. Sharks were tracked for between 1.8 and 55 min with between 4 and 21 mean speed determinations per shark track. The mean filter-feeding swimming speed was 0.85 m s(-1) (+/-0.05 S.E., n=49 determinations) compared to the non-feeding (cruising) mean speed ...

Atomic force microscopy force spectroscopy has become a powerful biophysical technique for probing the dynamics of proteins at the single molecule level. Extending a polyprotein at constant velocity produces the now familiar sawtooth pattern force-length relationship. Customarily, manual fits of the wormlike chain (WLC) model of polymer elasticity to sawtooth pattern data have been used to meas...

A longitudinal study aimed to detect Listeria monocytogenes on a New York State dairy farm was conducted between February 2004 and July 2007. Fecal samples were collected every 6 months from all lactating cows. Approximately 20 environmental samples were obtained every 3 months. Bulk tank milk samples and in-line milk filter samples were obtained weekly. Samples from milking equipment and the m...

An important part of system modeling is determining parameter values, particularly for biomolecular systems, where direct measurements of individual parameters is often hard. While extended Kalman filters have been used for this purpose, the choice of the process noise covariance is generally unclear. Here, we address this issue for biomolecular systems using a combination of Monte Carlo simula...

Visual object tracking is a challenging computer vision task with numerous real-world applications. Here we propose a simple but efficient Spectral Filter Tracking (SFT) method. To characterize rotational and translation invariance of tracking targets, the candidate image region is models as a pixelwise grid graph. Instead of the conventional graph matching, we convert the tracking into a plain...

Image compression via adaptive perfect reconstruction filter banks is studied. AnM -channel filter bank is employed in a lifting scheme using MSE-adaptive predictors. FFT-ordered L-filters are used for prediction. L-filters include a class of linear and nonlinear filters. A switching between three different filters is made for applyingdifferent filters over smooth regions, around edges and over...

This paper investigates the problem of non-fragile L2–L∞ filter design for a kind of Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy stochastic system with neutral delay and parameter uncertainties. The addressed problem is the design of a non-fragile fuzzy filter such that the error system is robustly stochastic stable and the filtering error system can tolerant some level of the gain variations in the filter. Base...

The temporal response of cone inputs to macaque retinal ganglion cells were compared with cone-specific sinusoidal modulation used to isolate each cone type. For all cell types of the parvocellular (PC) pathway, temporal responsivity was similar for short (S)-, middle (M)-, and long (L)-wavelength-sensitive cone inputs, apart from small latency differences between inputs to center and surround....

In this paper unknown input observer using projection operator method is used to estimate five states of the fifth order lateral axis model of L-1011 system in discrete domain. Discrete reduced order UI observer is used to estimate the states of the system in noiseless and noisy environment. Kalman filter has been designed to estimate the state of L-1011 system when noise is considered. Finally...

Introduction: To write a computational program to calculate the average glandular dose in Mammography with Rh-Rh target-filter and also use it as an accurate and fast method of dose calculation founder different situations. Materials and Methods: In this research, the Sobol-Wu parameters are used to write a FORTRAN code for glandular dose calculation in Rh-Rh target-filter mammograms. The code ...