This paper proposes a holistic lexicon-reduction method for ancient and modern handwritten Arabic documents. The word shape is represented by the weighted topological signature vector (W-TSV), which encodes graph data into a low-dimensional vector space. Three directed acyclic graph (DAG) representations are proposed for Arabic word shapes, based on topological and geometrical features. Lexicon...

There is a fundamental asymmetry between algebras and their dual objects, coalgebras, namely that the dual of a coalgebra is an algebra, but the converse is only true in finite dimensions. We prove that there exists a differential graded coalgebra whose continuous dual is the differential graded algebra of differential forms. This coalgebra will be constructed as an explicit subspace of de Rham...

In this paper we study hereditarily homogeneous generalized topological spaces. Various properties of hereditarily homogeneous generalized topological spaces are discussed. We prove that a generalized topological space is hereditarily homogeneous if and only if every transposition of $X$ is a $mu$-homeomorphism on $X$.

In this paper, we define topological hyperrings and study their basic concepts which supported by illustrative examples. We show some differences between topological rings and topological hyperrings. Also, by the fundamental relation $\Gamma^{*}$, we indicate the role of complete parts (saturated subsets) and complete hyperrings in topological hyperrings and specially we show that if every (clo...

Perturbing usual type B topological matter with vector (0, 1)-forms we find a topological theory which contains explicitly Kodaira-Spencer deformation theory. It is shown that, in genus zero, three-point correlation functions give the Yukawa couplings for a generic point in the moduli space of complex structures. This generalization of type B topological matter seems to be the correct framework...

Huang and Zhang 1 generalized the notion of metric space by replacing the set of real numbers by ordered Banach space, deffined a cone metric space, and established some fixed point theorems for contractive type mappings in a normal cone metric space. Subsequently, several other authors 2–5 studied the existence of common fixed point of mappings satisfying a contractive type condition in normal...

We show that the Atiyah-Hirzebruch K-theory of spaces admits a canonical generalization for stratified spaces. For this we study algebraic constructions on stratified vector bundles. In particular the tangent bundle of a stratified manifold is such a stratified vector bundle. 1 Families of vector spaces Let R be the field of real numbers and R = R ⊕ · · · ⊕ R be the standard n-dimensional R-vec...

In this paper, we define and study fuzzy generalized α-closed sets and r-open sets of a given L-fuzzy topological space and prime element r ∈ P (L) and coprime element α ∈ M(L). The concept of L-fuzzy ropen sets was introduced in [10], and it was proved that all r-open sets for L-fuzzy topological space form a new L-fuzzy topology, which is called stratiform L-fuzzy topology. Making use of the ...

The goal of this paper is to find the "Lie groups" for three well-known Lie algebras: the globally Hamiltonian vector fields, the infinitesimal quantomorphisms and the homogeneous real-valued functions of degree one on the cotangent bundle minus the zero section. In all our considerations the underlying manifold is assumed to be compact without boundary. Before explaining and motivating our res...