Abstract Health, sanitation, and livelihoods are interrelated human rights essential components of community wellbeing. Despite the United Nations recognizing right to one-third world's population lack access improved sanitation. Furthermore, in many low- middle-income countries, urban latrines excavated manually without physical or regulatory protections. Container-based sanitation (CBS) has p...

The burden of disease associated with helminth infections (schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections) is enormous, with at least 2 billion people affected worldwide. This is being increasingly recognized as a significant public health problem, particularly in developing countries, where poverty, poor nutrition, inadequate sanitation, lack of clean drinking-water and minimal...

Pacific Islanders have historically managed living with extreme weather. But changing climatic conditions due to human-induced influences appear certain to change their worlds. In fact, changes are already evident. In a world that is largely struggling with rapid urbanization, lack of sanitation infrastructure, scarce water resources and extensive poverty, the changes to come will continue maki...

INTRODUCTION Improved hygiene is one of the most effective means of reducing disease occurrence. However, a complete understanding of the factors that contribute to such improvement are not clear. This study explored factors that facilitate and/or impede hygiene behavior in water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) intervention areas using qualitative research techniques. METHODS The Bangladesh Ru...

In both developed and developing countries around the world, the health of significant numbers of people is adversely affected by a lack of adequate housing. Large-scale migrations into already crowded developing nation cities compound existing health problems associated with poor indoor air quality, contaminated drinking water, and limited sanitation infrastructure. In the developed world, lea...

Sanitation is a universal need and thus requires access. Despite having the world’s largest sanitation campaign, only 37% of urban India has access to safely managed systems. Due heterogeneity Indian cities, mix different systems required meet demands these rapidly urbanising cities. The Manila principles on Citywide Inclusive (CWIS) propose technologies as key pillar in achieving Sustainable D...

Despite the success of recent efforts to increase access to improved water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) globally, approximately one-third of schools around the world still lack adequate WASH services. A lack of WASH in schools can lead to the spread of preventable disease and increase school absences, especially among women. Inadequate financing and budgeting has been named as a key barrier ...

A systematic review of the literature on the effects of water and sanitation in schools was performed. The goal was to characterize the impacts of water and sanitation inadequacies in the academic environment. Published peer reviewed literature was screened and articles that documented the provision of water and sanitation at schools were considered. Forty-one peer-reviewed papers met the crite...

India is a country where Atomic Age and near Stone Age people co-exist. On one hand India has achieved development in many areas, but on the other hand there is still the practice of open defecation and manual cleaning of human excreta from bucket privies by scavengers. National sanitation coverage is only about 34% meaning that 66% of the population practises open defecation. Such unhygienic c...