BACKGROUND To date, only plain radiographic definitions of normal anatomical parameters have been described. Our study aims to describe normal anatomic measurements of small and ring metacarpals using a novel digital reconstruction technique based on raw CT image data. We hypothesize that current plain radiographic data incorrectly describes normal metacarpal anatomy in the lateral plane. MET...

In this paper, a bio-inspired bending actuator was designed and fabricated using piezoelectric patches and cantilever-shaped beam for controlling nose shape. The aim of this study is to investigate the use of the bending actuator. PZT and single crystal PMN-PT actuators were used to generate translational strain and shear stress. The piezoelectric patches were attached on the clamped cantilever...

BACKGROUND Many clinical studies have focused on clinical pain scores and less on kinematics following intervertebral disc replacement. Although flexion and extension of the motion segment can be measured on lateral X-rays, measuring lateral bending and axial rotation of the device is extremely difficult on plain radiography. This study was designed to measure, using radiostereometric analysis ...

Membrane shape parameters such as curvature, bending elasticity, and lateral tension, are relevant to the lateral organization and function of biomembranes, and may critically influence the formation of lateral clustering patterns observed in living cells. Fluorescence laser-scanning microscopy can be used to image vesicles and cell membranes, and from shape analysis of these images mechanical ...

PURPOSE This research was conducted to compare supine and standing Merchant views, to observe radiographic changes of the patellofemoral joint according to weight-bearing conditions, and to evaluate correlation factors affecting patellofemoral joint indices. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-four patients without skeletal problems were selected for this study. Patellar tilt angle, lateral patellofe...

Sheet metal is one of the most important semi-finished products used in automobiles, domestic appliances, aircraft and other familiar products. Therefore sheet metal forming technology is an important engineering discipline in the area of mechanical engineering. In sheet metal forming, wipe bending process plays a major role in which the sheet metal tries to return to its original shape after r...

OBJECTIVE This study investigated the effects of task precision demands on behavioral and physiological changes during repetitive asymmetric lifting. BACKGROUND Repetitive lifting encountered in manual material handling leads to muscle fatigue and is a documented risk factor for low back disorder. METHOD A total of 17 healthy volunteers performed repetitive asymmetric lifting for 60 min (10...

The intrinsic function of the brain stem-spinal cord networks eliciting the locomotor synergy is well described in the lamprey-a vertebrate model system. This study addresses the role of tectum in integrating eye, body orientation, and locomotor movements as in steering and goal-directed behavior. Electrical stimuli were applied to different areas within the optic tectum in head-restrained semi...