The lateral mobility of unliganded low density lipoprotein-receptor (LDL-R) on the surface of human fibroblasts has been investigated by studying the generation and relaxation of concentration differences induced by exposure of the cultured cells to steady electric fields. The topographic distribution of receptors was determined by fluorescence microscopy of cells labeled with the intensely flu...

Macrophage-derived foam cells are important constituents of atheromatous lesions. In addition to the scavenger receptor pathway, uptake of immune complexed lipoproteins through IgG Fc receptors (Fc gamma receptors) represents an additional pathway of macrophage foam cell development that may be important during atherogenesis. The importance of this mechanism is suggested by studies showing that...

BACKGROUND Oxidized Lp(a) [ox-Lp(a)] has been reported to play more potent roles than native Lp(a) in atherosclerosis. We investigated the distribution characteristics of plasma ox-Lp(a) and Lp(a) immune complex [Lp(a)-IC] levels in newborns and children. METHODS Plasma ox-Lp(a) and Lp(a)-IC levels were measured in 747 children and 30 cord blood by ELISAs. RESULTS The mean levels of Lp(a), ...

Prior studies on receptor recycling through late endosomes and the TGN have suggested that such traffic may be largely limited to specialized proteins that reside in these organelles. We present evidence that efficient recycling along this pathway is functionally important for nonresident proteins. P-selectin, a transmembrane cell adhesion protein involved in inflammation, is sorted from recycl...

Familial defective apolipoprotein (apo) B-100 is a recently described genetic disorder that appears to result from a mutation in the apoB-100 gene. This disorder is characterized by hypercholesterolemia resulting from elevated plasma concentrations of low density lipoprotein LDL. The disorder was first detected in three members of one family. The LDL from affected subjects binds defectively (ap...

The non-enzymatic carbamylation of low density lipoprotein (LDL) is a naturally occurring chemical modification of apolipoprotein B as a result of condensation between lysine residues and cyanate derived from urea. Carbamylated LDL is poorly recognized by LDL receptors and initiates different processes that can be considered proatherogenic. Thus, LDL carbamylation may contribute to the increase...

The non-enzymatic carbamylation of low density lipoprotein (LDL) is a naturally occurring chemical modification of apolipoprotein B as a result of condensation between lysine residues and cyanate derived from urea. Carbamylated LDL is poorly recognized by LDL receptors and initiates different processes that can be considered proatherogenic. Thus, LDL carbamylation may contribute to the increase...

Clinical and biochemical characteristics of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) heterozygotes possessing an abnormally high molecular weight low density lipoprotein receptor (HMWR) are reported. The disorder is transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait and is not distinguishable from classic heterozygous FH on clinical grounds. The average plasma low density lipoprotein (LDL) level is 360 mg/dl...

One-fourth of all deaths in industrialized countries result from coronary heart disease. A century of research has revealed the essential causative agent: cholesterol-carrying low-density lipoprotein (LDL). LDL is controlled by specific receptors (LDLRs) in liver that remove it from blood. Mutations that eliminate LDLRs raise LDL and cause heart attacks in childhood, whereas mutations that rais...

The non-enzymatic glycation of Low density lipoprotein (LDL) is a naturally occurring chemical modification of apolipoprotein B as a result of condensation between lysine residues and glucose. Glycated LDL is poorly recognized by LDL receptors and initiates different processes that can be considered proatherogenic. Thus, LDL glycation may contribute in the increased atherosclerotic risk of pati...