This thesis deals with the nature of metarepresentation in language. It proposes linguistic-semantic and pragmatic analyses of a variety of metarepresentational expressions in English, using the framework of relevance theory (Sperber and Wilson 1986/1995). The main aim is to deepen the relevance-theoretic analysis of metarepresentation, to apply it to a range of data which have not been previou...

Received Dec 30, 2015 Revised Feb 23, 2016 Accepted May 13, 2016 This research aimed to study the influence of Leadership, Organizational Culture, Emotional Quotation, and Job Satisfaction to Teacher Performance of Senior High School at Palopo Municipality South Sulawesi. There were 78 teachers participated in this research. The results were: (1) Leadership directly affects teacher performance;...

Above the entrance to the headquarters of the Internal Revenue Service on Constitution Avenue is chiseled the quotation from Oliver Wendell Holmes: “Taxation is the price we pay for civilization.” It is easy enough to see why state officials would want to put that quotation on display, for it counsels people to be pleased with the taxes they pay. It’s not so easy, though, to determine the accur...

John Bowlby (1969/1982) opens the first book of his classic Attachment trilogy with this quotation from Sigmund Freud in a chapter titled “Point of View.” Bowlby then goes on to carefully outline his own paradigm-altering point of view, building from extensive observations of young children separated from their parents. Bowlby’s selection of this quotation suggests his recognition that viewing ...

By the time Bugiel wrote his thesis on Joseph Struthius (1510-1568) in 1901, from which the quotation is taken,' there was no longer any trace of the stone. Struthius came from a well-to-do family called Strus, his father being a comb manufacturer.2 Joseph, born in Poznan (at one time Posen), was the second of three sons. According to Eloy,3 he latinized his name to Struthius which, taken from ...

Quoted speech is often set off by punctuation marks, in particular quotation marks. Thus, it might seem that the quotation marks would be extremely useful in identifying these structures in texts. Unfortunately, the situation is not quite so clear. In this work, I will argue that quotation marks are not adequate for either identifying or constraining the syntax of quoted speech. More useful inf...

We are interested in algorithms that manipulate mathematical expressions in mathematically meaningful ways. Expressions are syntactic, but most logics do not allow one to discuss syntax. cttqe is a version of Church’s type theory that includes quotation and evaluation operators, akin to quote and eval in the Lisp programming language. Since the HOL logic is also a version of Church’s type theor...

This paper explores Frege's views of quotations and that-clauses. In Section II his view is stated in a rough way; it leaves several questions open. In Section III the view that quotation-mark pairs are functional names (in Frege's sense) is explored, and in Section IV the contrary view is discussed. Both views are consistent with Frege's articulated theory. In Section IV the question is raised...

Direct quotation raises three major problems for grammatical modelling: (i) the variety of quoted material (which can be a non linguistic behavior, or a sign in a different language), (ii) the embedding of an utterance inside another one, (iii) a special denotation, the content of the quotation being the utterance itself. We propose a unary rule, which turns the quoted material into a linguisti...