BACKGROUND Biomass recalcitrance is affected by a number of chemical, physical and biological factors. In this study we looked into the differences in recalcitrance between two major anatomical fractions of wheat straw biomass, leaf and stem. A set of twenty-one wheat cultivars was fractionated and illustrated the substantial variation in leaf-to-stem ratio between cultivars. The two fractions ...

1. In Bryophyllum calycinum two apical leaves suppress the shoot formation in all the dormant buds situated basally from the leaf; one apical leaf suppresses the shoot formation in the basal buds situated in the same half of the stem where the leaf is, and, if one-half of the petiole of such a leaf is removed, the growth of basal buds in one quadrant of the stem is suppressed. 2. This inhibitor...

dwarf chicory (cichorium pumilum jacq.) is one of the annual species from chicory genus grows in western and southern parts of iran. to date no study on this species has been carried out under the field conditions. in order to determine the suitable planting date of dwarf chicory, an experiment was conducted in a split plot layout based on randomized complete block design with three replication...

Ginseng root is used more often than other parts such as leaf stem although extracts from ginseng leaf-stem also contain similar active ingredients with pharmacological functions. Ginseng's leaf-stems are more readily available at a lower cost than its root. This article reviews the pharmacological effects of ginseng leaf-stem on some diseases and adverse effects due to excessive consumption. G...

penetrating neck trauma is an important area of trauma care that has undergone evolution in the recent past. a remarkable number of changes have occurred in the treatment paradigm as new technologies have developed and as surgeons have explored the outcomes from different treatment protocols. therapy has evolved from no treatment (before effective anesthesia and instrumentation), to non operati...

background & aim: investigation of suspension cell culture and callus production in catharanthus roseus. catharanthus roseus is an herbaceous perennial plant belongs to the family apocynaceae. c. roseus is important as commercial medicinal plant because of its alkaloidal content. whole plant contains about 130 alkaloids those are classified as vinca alkaloids. vincristine and vinblastine; t...

combining ability, gene action, heritability and other genetic parameters in bread wheat under drought stress condition were evaluated using half diallel design. nine wheat cultivars and 36 derived f1 assessed in a randomized complete block design with three replications in shahid bahonar university of kerman research field in 2013. evaluated genotypes showed high diversity for all traits. gene...

Panicum maximum cv. Mombasa is a type of grass that known resistant to shade and responsive fertilization. This study aimed determine the morphology production on various levels shading organic fertilizer. The soil used in this was brown latosol. completely randomized design (CRD) with factorial pattern consisting three (0%, 36%, 72%) two dose factors fertilizer (0 g/pot 500 g/pot). parameters ...