The effective climate sensitivity (EffCS) of models in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6 (CMIP6) has increased relative to CMIP5. We explore implications this for global mean sea-level (GMSL) change projections 2100 three emissions scenarios. CMIP6 surface air temperature are substantially higher than CMIP5, but thermal expansion not. Using these as input construct GMSL with IPCC AR5 ...

the emphasis of this paper is the role of volatility indices on improvement artificial neural networks (anns) forecasting models for the daily usd/eur and usd/gbp exchange rates two volatility indices are used. first; the realized volatility, which is based on intra-daily data, and second the garch volatility. they are applied into the model in two ways. firstly, the lagged volatility index is ...