Relative to coal fired and natural gas fired power plants, nuclear power plants are more expensive to build but less expensive to run. This annex describes advanced construction methods to reduce nuclear power's construction costs, mainly by shortening the time needed to build a plant. Each of the methods described below has been used in one or more of the projects listed in Table IV-1. None is...

Effect of algae movement, as a result of random mixing, between the surface and bottom zones of shallow, moderately deep and deep photobioreactors (incident light intensities per unit volume were 8125, 4062 and 2031~01. rnP3. s-l, respectively) on the reactor productivity was investigated. The results showed that at low cell concentrations, movement of cells between the surface and bottom zones...

Carbon monoxide (CO) can be metabolized by a number of microorganisms along with water to produce hydrogen (H2) and carbon dioxide. National Renewable Energy Laboratory researchers have isolated a number of bacteria that perform this so-called water-gas shift reaction at ambient temperatures. We performed experiments to measure the rate of CO conversion and H2 production in a trickle-bed reacto...

One of the technologies for Pre-Combustion Decarbonisation is the production of hydrogen rich fuel gas from fossil fuel feed stock by means of a water gas shift membrane reactor system. A study to develop and test hydrogen selective membranes for use in a water gas shift membrane reactor operating with sour synthesis gas has been sponsored by the CO2 Capture Project. The aim of the project was ...

The product of the biological sulphate reduction is sulphide. High concentrations of molecular H2S (g) can be inhibitory for microbial activity, especially at a reactor pH of 6 to 7. This paper focuses on the effect of high sulphide concentrations on the sulphate reduction rates. The results of three investigations operating a continuous reactor, a column reactor and batchtest reactors have sho...

Recently, sulfate-reducing granular sludge has been developed for application in sulfate-laden water and wastewater treatment. However, little is known about biomass stratification and its effects on the bioprocesses inside the granular bioreactor. A comprehensive investigation followed by a verification trial was therefore conducted in the present work. The investigation focused on the perform...