TWIK-related acid-sensitive potassium channels (TASKs)-like current was recorded in orexin neurons the lateral hypothalamus (LH), which are essential respiratory chemoreflex. However, specific mechanism responsible for pH-sensitivity remains elusive. Thus, we hypothesized that TASKs contribute to In present study, found TASK1 and TASK3 were expressed neurons. Blocking or microinjecting acid art...

the rostral ventromedial medulla (rvm) acts a key role in the descending inhibitory pain modulation. neuropeptide orexin-a (orxa) is confined to thousands of neurons in the lateral hypothalamus (lh). while rvm gets the orexinergic projections, the orexin receptors are also expressed in this structure. the aim of this study was to specify the cellular effects of orxa on rvm neurons in vitro by u...

Yuan, Pu-Qing, and Hong Yang. Hypothyroidism induces Fos-like immunoreactivity in ventral medullary neurons that synthesize TRH. Am. J. Physiol. 277 (Endocrinol. Metab. 40): E927–E936, 1999.—Altered thyroid statuses are associated with autonomic disorders. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) in medullary nuclei regulates vagal efferent activity. Induction of Fos-like immunoreactivity (IR) in me...

We propose a guided dropout regularizer for deep networks based on the evidence of network prediction defined as firing neurons in specific paths. In this work, we utilize at each neuron to determine probability dropout, rather than dropping out uniformly random standard dropout. essence, with higher those which contribute more decision making training time. This approach penalizes high salienc...