This section considers the actual performance in poverty reduction of selected LDCs for which information is available in order to get an idea of which circumstances promote success and which do not. The analysis has to be carried out in a situation of extreme data constraint, especially for the SSA which has the largest concentration of LDCs. In view of the very different nature and extent of ...

In this paper, we define the concept of uncertain multiplicative linguistic preference relation, and introduce some operational laws of uncertain multiplicative linguistic variables. We propose some new aggregation operators including the uncertain linguistic geometric mean (ULGM) operator, uncertain linguistic weighted geometric mean (ULWGM) operator, uncertain linguistic ordered weighted geom...

Lexical representation so far has not been extensively investigated in regard to language acquisition. Existing computational linguistic systems assume that text analysis and generation take place in conditions of complete lexical knowledge. That is, no unknown elements are encountered in processing text. It turns out however, that productive as well as non-productive word combinations require ...

multi-ethnic texture or existence of the ethnic-religious minorities is one of the main structural elements of states all over the world. consequently, we are sometimes informed about ethnic tensions and violence around the globe. a study in 2002 indicates that approximately 125 wars were occurred from world war ii to 1997 of which 80 ones have been related to ethnic and religious disputes in a...

Many commentators greeted the 2005 swing to the Liberal Democrats among ethnic minority voters in British General Elections as a critical change in minorities’ voting behaviour. The unpopular decision by the Labour government to go to war in Iraq was identified as a cause of this shift; however its importance was significantly over-interpreted when it was heralded as a beginning of a new era in...