At the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI), a partitioning process has been developed to separate elements in a high-level liquid waste (HLLW) into four groups; transuranium elements (TRU), Tc-platinum group metals (PGM), Sr-Cs and the others. The present paper deals with objects of the partitioning, main characteristics of four group partitioning process, generation of solid materia...

Most livestock and poultry odors are generated by the anaerobic decomposition of livestock wastes such as manure (feces and urine), spilled feed, bedding materials, and wash water. Increased organic loading rates due to expanding animal numbers, slug loading, concentrated waste streams, and/or inadequate amounts of dilution water increase the potential for odor emissions from waste management s...

The direct chemical conversion of cocoa butter triglycerides, a material available as a postmanufacture waste stream from the food industry, to 1-decene by way of ethenolysis is reported. The conversion of the raw waste material was made possible by use of 1 mol % of the [RuCl2(iBu-phoban)2(3-phenylindenyl)] catalyst. The process has been investigated in both batch and flow conditions, where th...

In this study, we evaluated a two-step process for detoxification of waste roofing slate, involving cement hydrate removal and low temperature detoxification using oxalic acid. These treatments were conducted on raw material and intermediate product, respectively. Cement hydrate removal effectively eliminated most Ca-containing cement hydrate components from the raw material under the following...

Catalytic pyrolysis behavior of synthesized microporous catalysts (conventional Zeolite Socony Mobil–5 (C-ZSM-5), highly uniform nanocrystalline ZSM-5 (HUN-ZSM-5) and β-zeolite), Mesoporous catalysts (highly hydrothermally stable Al-MCM-41 with accessible void defects (Al-MCM-41(hhs)), Kanemite-derived folded silica (KFS-16B) and well-ordered Al-SBA-15 (Al-SBA-15(wo)) were studied with waste po...

This study examined the efficiency of different organic waste materials as NPK fertilizer, in addition to the risk for leaching losses related to shower precipitation in the first part of the growing season. The experiment was tested in a pot trial on a sandy soil in a greenhouse. Six organic fertilizers were evaluated: liquid anaerobic digestate (LAD) sourced from separated household waste, ni...

This study investigates the liquid-phase adsorption behavior of phenol form waste water by using slag, which is one of the solid wastes from steel refining process. This adsorption technique is one green process based on using the slag waste as adsorber for removing organic contaminants from waste water. First, the raw slag was chemically treated by different concentrations of sulfuric acid, an...

Landfill Gas to Energy This research investigates the utilization of landfill gas, an abundant waste product, by reforming it to syngas that can be converted to liquid fuels using Fischer Tropsch or to a H2 rich stream using water-gas shift. 65% of the 413 million tons of municipal solid waste (MSW) generated per year in the United States is landfilled, and 67% of the landfilled MSW is composed...

The elemental composition of food consumed by astronauts is well defined. The major elements carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur are taken up in large amounts and these are often associated with the organic fraction (carbohydrates, proteins, fats etc) of human tissue. On the other hand, a number of the elements are located in the extracellular fluids and can be accounted for in the li...