In a competitive electricity market traditional demand side management options offering customers curtailable service at reduced rates are replaced by voluntary customer responses to electricity spot prices. In this new environment, customers wishing to ensure a fixed electricity price while taking advantage of their flexibility to curtail loads can do so by purchasing a forward electricity con...

A reduction of sleep time has become common over the last century, and growing evidence from both epidemiological and laboratory-based studies suggests sleep curtailment is a new risk factor for the development of obesity. On this basis, the present review examines the role of sleep curtailment in the metabolic and endocrine alterations, including decreased glucose tolerance and insulin sensiti...

Variable and non-programmable resources, such as solar and wind, have undergone a stunning growth in recent years and are likely to gain even more importance in the future. Their strong presence in the national electricity mix has created issues in many countries regarding the secure operation of the power system. In order to guarantee the stability of the system, several TSOs have resorted to ...

Favourable sites for renewable generation are often remote locations (such as islands) where installed capacity, e.g. from wind turbines, exceeds local aggregate demand. We study the effect that curtailment mechanisms applied when there is excess generation have on the incentives to build additional capacity and the profitability of the generators. Next, for a two-location setting, we study the...

The two common mechanisms of load-shedding and renewable curtailment can prevent provisional overloading excessive generation the subsequent unacceptable voltage frequency deviation in standalone microgrids (MGs), which makes MGs less resilient reliable. However, instead enabling or curtailment, such over-generation problems be alleviated more efficiently cost-effectively by provisionally inter...

Optimal design of distribution networks has become an important topic for analysis due to the growing share photovoltaics (PV). Low and medium voltage should undergo structural changes accommodate widespread PV generation optimal operation. In this paper, impact network structure on solar hosting capacity (HC) is analyzed with respect role low in power delivery. A given set load nodes simulated...

Microgrids have limited renewable energy source (RES) capacity, which can only supply a amount of load. Multiple microgrids be interconnected to enhance power system availability, stability, reserve and control flexibility. This paper proposes novel structure scheme for interconnecting multiple standalone common alternating current (AC) bus using back-to-back converters. The presents high-level...

The integration of high-efficiency heat pump and thermal storage devices is great significance to realize the synergy between efficient flexible operation integrated electric energy systems. This article proposed an electric–thermal system with introduced current method for constructing its overall dynamic power flow model by considering transfer, conversion, processes. On this basis, we derive...

This paper presents the design and pricing of financial contracts for the supply and procurement of interruptible electricity service. While the contract forms and pricing methodology have broader applications, the focus of this work is on electricity market applications, which motivate the contract structures and price process assumptions. In particular, we propose a new contract form that bun...