We describe a multivariate, multilevel, pseudo maximum likelihood estimation method for multistage stratified cluster sampling designs, including finite population and unequal probability sampling. Multilevel models can be estimated with this method while incorporating the sampling design in the standard error computation. Design based adjustment of the likelihood ratio test (LRT) statistic is ...

Abstract Vectorial optical field-based spatially polarization modulation has been widely studied for measurement due to its simple system structure. In this system, the information is encoded in irradiance image, and can be realized by image processing. The classical processing methods could not meet increasing demand of practical applications their poor computational efficiency. To address iss...

Effects of low temperature (8 degrees C) on the hydraulic conductivity of young roots of a chilling-sensitive (cucumber, Cucumis sativus L.) and a chilling-resistant (figleaf gourd, Cucurbita ficifolia Bouche) crop have been measured at the levels of whole root systems (root hydraulic conductivity, Lp(r)) and of individual cortical cells (cell hydraulic conductivity, Lp). Exposure of roots to l...

Large number of taxicabs in major metropolitan cities are now equipped with a GPS device. Since taxis are on the road nearly twenty four hours a day (with drivers changing shifts), they can now act as reliable sensors to monitor the behavior of traffic. In this paper we use GPS data from taxis to monitor the emergence of unexpected behavior in the Beijing metropolitan area. We adapt likelihood ...

In this paper, we present our initial efforts in the task of Automatically Synchronizing live spoken Utterances with their Transcripts (textual contents) (ASUT). We address the problem of online detecting of the end time of a spoken utterance given its textual content, which is one of the key problems of the ASUT task. A frame-synchronous likelihood ratio test (FS-LRT) procedure is proposed and...

We describe an extension of the pseudo maximum likelihood (PML) estimation method developed by Skinner (1989) to multistage strati ̄ed cluster sampling designs, including ̄nite population and unequal probability sampling. We conduct simulation studies to evaluate the performance of the proposed estimator. The estimator is also compared to the general estimating equation (GEE) method for linear r...

This paper aims at analyzing three different solutions suggested for traffic congestion relief in Port Louis, the busiest city of Mauritius. It evaluates the impact of the three alternatives which are the use of Light Rail Transit LRT as an alternative mode of transport, the construction of a Ring road around Port Louis, and the upgrading of the current bus network into a Bus Rapid Transit BRT ...

Although WS-BusinessActivity and BPEL4WS Long-Running Transaction (LRT) are conceptually very similar and are both designed to support the execution of complex business transactions, they differ in a large number of aspects. This is particularly true because BPEL4WS, unlike WSBusinessActivity, was not designed to support distributed coordination. This paper comprehensively discusses the similar...