[1] We develop a theory of using difference wavefields of repeated sources to locate and quantify temporal medium change and apply the theory to locate temporal change of seismic properties beneath the Japan subduction zone using repeated earthquakes. Our theory states the difference wavefields of two repeated sources in a temporally changed medium can be equivalently treated as wavefields prop...

Earthquake performance of wood-frame shear walls was evaluated by comparing fully and partially anchored walls under monotonic, cyclic, and earthquake loads and comparing with code measures. Suitability of monotonic and cyclic testing to predict seismic performance was examined. Earthquake tests were conducted on 2440-mm-square walls with Douglas-fir studs. Two oriented strandboard panels were ...

The 2011 Tohoku earthquake (Mw 9.0) produced a very large slip on the shallow part of a megathrust fault that resulted in destructive tsunamis. Although multiple causes of such large slip at shallow depths are to be expected, the frictional property of sediments around the fault, particularly at coseismic slip velocities, may significantly contribute to large slip along such faults. We have thu...

Abstract Deep-focus earthquakes in the Tonga–Fiji subduction zone make up greater than 66% of the globally recorded deep seismicity. The high number of deep-focus seismicity in this active subduction zone allows us to search for deep-focus similar earthquake pairs and repeating earthquakes. We compile a waveform dataset for deep earthquakes with magnitude above 4.7 occurring in the Tonga–Fiji–K...

The 2015 Mw8.3 Illapel, Chile earthquake is the latest megathrust event on the central segment of that subduction zone. It generated strong ground motions and a large (up to 11m runup) tsunami which prompted the evacuation of more than 1 million people in the first hours following the event. Observations during recent earthquakes suggest that these phenomena can be associated with rupture on di...

The hydrology of the subducting plate and its dewatering behavior through the shallow subduction zone is linked to the structure and deformation of the forearc prism, the nature of the seismogenic zone, the composition of seawater for selected elements, and the composition of the residual slab subducted to depths of magma generation at the volcanic arc. Two locally independent systems of fluid ...

[1] Subduction zones are where sediments, oceanic crust, and mantle lithosphere return to and reequilibrate with Earth’s mantle. Subduction zones are interior expressions of Earth’s 55,000 km of convergent plate margins and are the geodynamic system that builds island arcs. Excess density of the mantle lithosphere in subduction zones provides most of the power needed to move the plates while in...

Some subduction zones in nature show mainly overriding plate (OP) extension and low topography, others shortening elevated topography. Here we investigate how end-member modes (trench retreat with slab rollback trench advance rollover) affect deformation (OPD), topography mantle flow time-evolving three-dimensional fully-dynamic analog models using particle image velocimetry (PIV). We conduct t...

a r t i c l e i n f o Keywords: Eclogite HP granulite Paired metamorphic belts UHPM UHTM The modern plate tectonics regime is characterized by a duality of thermal environments, one representing the subduction zone and the other representing the arc–backarc or orogenic hinterland. This duality is the hallmark of one-sided (asymmetric) subduction, and the characteristic imprint of one-sided subd...