The objective of this study was to examine the smoking behavior among adolescents in Thailand and Malaysia. Population-based, national surveys were conducted among 1,704 adolescents between the ages of 13 and 18 from Thailand (n = 927) and Malaysia (n = 777). Respondents were selected using multistage cluster sampling. Respondents were asked to complete self-administered questionnaires. Approxi...

AIMS Entering entrepreneurship (i.e. becoming an entrepreneur) is known to be a demanding activity with increased workload, financial uncertainty and increased levels of stress. However, there are no systematic studies on how entering entrepreneurship affects the people involved. METHODS The authors investigated prescriptions of psychotropics for 6,221 first-time entrepreneurs from 2001-2004 ...

A game theoretic model is used to examine the dynamics governing repeated interaction between Mafiosi running extortion rackets and entrepreneurs operating fixed establishments. We characterize the conditions under which violence occurs. Entrepreneurs pay protection money to the Mafia because they fear the Mafia’s ability to punish. However, the entrepreneurs’ willingness to pay encourages oppo...

Propolis is a complex resinous material with many pharmacological and biological properties attributed to the presence of many volatile and non-volatile phytochemical compounds which have not been analysed in details for Malaysian propolis. In this study, we determined and compared volatile phytochemical compounds in water and ethanol extracts of Malaysian propolis (Trigona itama) using gas chr...

We study market ine¢ ciencies and policy remedies when agents choose their occupations, and entrepreneurial talent is subject to private information. Untalented entrepreneurs depress the returns to entrepreneurship because of adverse selection. The severity of this problem depends on the outside option of entrepreneurs, which is working for wages. This links credit, product and labour markets. ...

Using Global Entrepreneurship Monitor data for 29 countries this study investigates the (differential) impact of several factors on female and male entrepreneurship at the country level. These factors are derived from three streams of literature, including that on entrepreneurship in general, on female labor force participation and on female entrepreneurship. The paper deals with the methodolog...

This paper argues that a large component of success in entrepreneurship and venture capital can be attributed to skill. We show that entrepreneurs with a track record of success are more likely to succeed than first time entrepreneurs and those who have previously failed. Funding by more experienced venture capital firms enhances the chance of success, but only for entrepreneurs without a succe...

This exploratory, qualitative study considers how online home-based businesses offer opportunities for ethnic entrepreneurs to ‘break out’ of traditional highly competitive and low margin sectors. Previous studies have found a positive association between ethnic minorities’ high levels of entrepreneurship and home computer use in ethnic groups. Despite these associations, previous studies have ...

This paper examines empirically the link between the post-entry strategies of new entrepreneurs and the duration of the firm. We use a sample of French entrepreneurs that have set up or taken over a firm during the first six months of 1994. For firms that are still alive at least four years later we have information both on the individual pre-entry motives of the entrepreneurs and on the post e...

Literature relating to personality and entrepreneurship focused largely on the personality characteristics of general entrepreneurs. The focus of a study done in South Africa was on personality characteristics and temperaments of potential Information and Communication Technology (ICT) entrepreneurs. The main objective of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness and usefullness of using pers...