Members of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) superfamily signal through heteromeric type I and type II serine/threonine kinase receptors. Transgenic mice that overexpress a dominant-negative mutation of the TGF-beta type II receptor (DNIIR) under the control of a metallothionein-derived promoter (MT-DNIIR) were used to determine the role of endogenous TGF-betas in the developing ma...

Whether lactation is a total response to suckling or whether an individual mammary gland must be suckled and drained for full secretory activity to be induced and maintained in it constitutes a controversial question. In guinea-pigs and rabbits, cessation of lactation and parenchymal involution occur in non-suckled glands as well as in glands which are being suckled but from which the removal o...

The xenoestrogen bisphenol A (BPA) used in the manufacturing of various plastics and resins for food packaging and consumer products has been shown to produce numerous endocrine and developmental effects in rodents. Exposure to low doses of BPA during fetal mammary gland development resulted in significant alterations in the gland's morphology that varied from subtle ones observed during the ex...

Biological characteristics of nodule-like alveolar lesions (NLAL) induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) in organ culture of whole mammary gland (BALB/c female mice) were assessed after transplantation into gland-free mammary fat pads of syngeneic virgin mice. (i) Tissue-fragment explants from NLAL areas of the gland produced abnormal lobuloalveolar (LA) outgrowths in 3 of 10 fat pads...

Development of mammary tumors in primiparous C3H/HeN mice (mouse mammary tumor virus positive) in various thyroid states was followed for one year after removal of pups. Animals were either euthyroid or made hyperthyroid (by ingestion of thyroxine) or hypothyroid (by ingestion of 2-thiouracil) during involution. These manipulations resulted in significant changes in serum 3,5,3'-triiodo-L-thyro...

As part of studies now under way in our laboratory devoted to determining the degree of loss or retention of functional enzymatic activities in the transformation of normal to neoplastic cells, it was deemed desirable to study, both in the normal mammary gland and in mammary tumors, the levels of certain enzymes specifically involved in the production of lactose. This substance is formed, perha...

Mammary gland epithelial cells undergo periodic cycles of proliferation, differentiation, and involution. Many studies have reported that miRNAs, which are small, non-coding RNAs, influence a variety of biological processes during posttranscriptional regulation. Here, we found that one miRNA, miR-200a, was relatively highly expressed in epithelial cell-rich organs such as mammary glands, lung, ...

Members of the transforming growth factor-b (TGF-b) superfamily signal through heteromeric type I and type II serine/threonine kinase receptors. Transgenic mice that overexpress a dominant-negative mutation of the TGF-b type II receptor (DNIIR) under the control of a metallothionein-derived promoter (MT-DNIIR) were used to determine the role of endogenous TGF-bs in the developing mammary gland....

Objectives. To define the presence of lung metastasis in bitches with malignant mammary neoplasms. Material and methods. Thirty female dogs that were attended at Veterinary Hospital (University of Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia) were selected for the study. At consultation clinical variables and grade of mammary and inguinal lymph node compromise were registered. Laterolateral and ventral-dorsal...